Are you struggling to get that book of yours done? Do you have no one to talk to when it comes to your latest story and all of its glorious twists and turns? Worst of all, do you have no one to relate to when it comes to writing—aside from that occasional meme on Instagram? Worry not! I have a remedy for you that should help solve your problems and help you be a more productive writer so you can finally finish that book of yours. Here are the 5 Benefits of a Writing Buddy. 1. They know #ThePain. What's better than having someone who knows the personal struggles of a writer than another writer?  Nothing . Literally nothing.  There truly is nothing better in this world than having a writing oriented friend. They can relate to you in all your writing struggles because, most likely, they've been there before. What's better is that they are more than likely to listen to you blab about whatever writing project you're currently working on. And vice versa! Which leads me to my second point... 2. You can bounce ideas off of them! If you're stuck on a particular scene or chapter, you can run ideas by them and get their input! They can let you know what they think would work best for your story or how you could make your characters more interesting. They can let you know what they think of your next big plot twist or if your beloved protagonist's breaking point is believable or not. Best of all, they can help you find that word that's right on the tip of your tongue! Which goes into my third point... 3. They can help look over your work.  At some point, you have to let other people see and read your writing, or else, what's the point of writing a book? This is a truth you  have  to accept at some point or another, so who better than your writing buddy to look over your work?  No matter what stage of writing you're at, you should be comfortable enough with them to able to trust them and have them look over your work. So whether it be basic spelling, grammar, or punctuation, writing buddies can help you identify your strengths and weaknesses; and let you know where you're excelling and where you need improvement. With that— 4. They can help you improve your writing! Your writing buddy will most likely have a different, if not opposing, writing style to your own, so take that as an opportunity to experiment with your writing style.  Maybe they excel at showing, and you're great at telling without overdoing it, sharing your work back and forth will help balance each other out and improve your own writing! Which leads me to my fifth and final point... 5. Work together!  No, I don't mean collaborating on writing a novel together (but do that if you want), I mean to literally work together side-by-side and or virtually. Pick a time and date to meet up, or face chat with them, and  write . It's  that  simple. Doing so will help to create a support system in which you keep each other accountable in doing your work. Yes, writing is an activity that is primarily done  alone , but doing a writing sprint together where you're keeping each other accountable is not only crucial, but  key . Best of all, you'll both benefit from the endeavor, since you're helping to raise each other up. This is by far my favorite tip, as this has been the most helpful to me. It took me  three years  to write a little over 50,000 words, but once I truly dedicated my time to writing with a writing buddy, I went from 50,000 words to 85,000 words in just  one  month.  So don't sell yourself short by writing alone! But what's this I hear you say? "But Bair,  how  do I  find  a writing buddy?" Good question! Consider the following: Check out Discord or Facebook groups that are writing oriented. Take a writing class, and connect with fellow students. Find a writing group near you and dedicate your time to getting to know other members. Now, if already established, large communities seem a bit too daunting for you, I'd suggest checking online writing forums and asking around. Even ask around Twitter and Instagram, you may be surprised by the number of people who would jump at the opportunity. I know it may be a little intimidating, but it's WORTH IT. Looking back, I was foolish not to have gone out and found one sooner. But that's why I'm telling you right now!  Seriously , do yourself a favor and get yourself a writing buddy, they are  invaluable —you'll thank me later. I wouldn't be where I am if it weren't for my current writing buddies as they've been a great source of inspiration since they are incredibly talented, published authors. So shout out to Kimberly D. Herbstritt who has pushed and inspired me to get to where I am today. My questions to you are: Do you have a writing buddy? If so, how have they helped you? If not, are you interested in having one? Let me know your thoughts in the comments below and let me know if any of this helped! I would love to hear from you! See you in the next blog,  A hui hou~ —Bair✍︎ Want to get to know a more personal side of me, get writing FREEBIES, behind the scenes insights on my projects, and more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Want more writing content? Find me on Medium . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Looking for an audiobook narrator? Learn more here . Support me on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM | TWITTER | PINTEREST Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Are you struggling to write and get your word count in? When you go to sit down and write, is it difficult to get words out on the page? Or do you ever wake up regretting not writing down that idea you had that solved your novel's plot hole? Best of question of all, do you have notebooks collecting dust? Not to worry, as a fellow writer, I completely understand. You may be wondering, "How can I boost my productivity  and  my word count?" Well, you're in luck! In this blog I'm going to share with you my personal experiences with dedicating myself to using my notebooks and why I firmly believe having one is super beneficial to your writing. As well as why I believe, when used well, a writer's notebook is one of the greatest, if not the greatest, tool in a writer's arsenal. I know that sounds a bit far fetched, but hear me out! Remember all the times you've had ideas, and you said you'd write it down later, be honest, did you ever  really  do it? Once you get in the habit of using your notebook, I can pretty much guarantee you'll be addicted to using it. Here are the 5 Benefits of a Writer's Notebook. 1. Your word count will go up. During those mundane times when I get a sudden "eureka" moment, I immediately reach for my notebook and scribble down my thought, so for the following evening, when I go to write, my initial idea ends up snowballing which helps to increase my word count  drastically . So instead of writing 500 words, I write well over 2,000!  *Pro-tip:  When writing down a note, be sure to give yourself context and or necessary details so when you go back and look at it, you know what the heck you were writing about. That said— 2. You'll actually get your writing done. I'm not saying to write your entire novel in your notebook (I mean you can if you want to, you do you), but like in my previous point, keeping your notebook handy for when you get an idea can be incredibly helpful. Because when you go to plug in the ideas you've scribbled down, your word count will go up as you build on them. *Pro-tip:  To get the most use out of your notebooks, specifically for the ones you'd use for your books, first write your ideas in pencil, then once graphite is spilling from the pages, cross out all those ideas (don't bother to erase them) and then start again but in pen, writing over your old notes (see right photo for reference). 3. You can use it as a #BookBible. For those of you who don't know what a  Book Bible  is, a Book Bible, which is usually better known as a  series bible , or 'show bible,' is, in essence, an outline and or synopsis for a TV series. Using your notebook as a Book Bible can help you keep track of all the minuscule details in your novel and keep you from forgetting crucial information in your story. Using your #WritersNotebook to write down everything that happens in your stories regarding plot and basic outlines, names for future characters, characters, and character arcs, as well as world terminology, can be extremely useful when your needing to stay consistent. For more information on 'Book Bibles' and what goes into one, sign up for my newsletter and get access to my FREE Book Bible eBook (which is filled with basic worldbuilding and character development sheets). 4. It's where you can plan writerly goals and write down notes on writing and the industry. I shouldn't have to explain writerly goals part, but having your notebook around for the times you come across really amazing writing tips (like while you're scrolling through Instagram when you really should be writing...), quickly jot the writing tip down in your notebook, so you don't lose it. Or, if you come across an article on how to flawlessly execute a query letter, write the essential tips in your (surprise surprise) notebook! 5. It's where your New York Times best-selling book idea will be born! Like your phone, it should follow you wherever you go. Keep it near your person at all times, and if you can't do that, leave it by your bed, so when you have a spark of genius, you can write it down before you settle down for the night. (Fair warning, this may result in thoughts spinning on and on endlessly. Proceed at your own risk.) And on the off chance your phone dies right when you have an idea, you have your notebook handy to write down your thought! (Just don't forget a pen or pencil!) I believe what stops most people from using their notebooks is due to some subconscious thought of not wanting to potentially ruin it. So save your fancy, aesthetically pleasing notebooks for Instagram and your bookshelves and get yourself a plain notebook of inconsequence (brown or black will suffice) and begin there. Once you start writing in your notebook, COMMIT. (I know that's a scary word, but don't run away just yet!) Something else to consider is to find a size that works well with you and stick with it. Because, along with having your notebooks not be aesthetically pleasing, having your notebook be too big or too small can subconsciously deter you from using it. For example, I absolutely love and adore my plain brown, 3.5x5.5 notebook. It's small enough to take wherever I go (not that I'm going anywhere because you know,  writer . Well... does my kitchen count?) so it doesn't intimidate me since it's a good pocket-sized notebook. But it isn't so small that I quickly fill it up. I personally use (and  highly  recommend) the   RETTACY Pocket Notebook   as it has two separate string bookmarks, the pages are numbered, and (my favorite part of all) there is a table of contents at the beginning to keep track of all my thoughts and ideas!  I have two of these little beauties, one in which I write notes regarding the writing industry and writing tips, and the other I mainly use for jotting down my ideas for  my current WIP  and additional random notes for stories yet to come.  Be warned, if you're going to use more than one notebook at a time, keep track of them. So if you're going to use one notebook for your book, strictly use it for your book. If you're going to use it for bullet journaling, only use it for bullet journaling. And if you're going to use it for writing tips, ONLY USE IT FOR WRITING TIPS. This way, you don't get confused and lose ideas and valuable information.  Last but not least, my final piece of advice to you is this: Treasure your notebook like your computer or phone. It will be the birthplace of your best-selling idea, so don't lose it. I hope I have convinced you to start using your notebooks.  My question to you is:  How do you use your notebooks? Do you use them at all?  Let me know in the comments below and or let me know whether or not this helped! I would love to hear from you! Happy writing everyone,  A hui hou~ —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer:  Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to get to know a more personal side of me, get writing FREEBIES, behind the scenes insights on my projects, and more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Looking for an audiobook narrator? Learn more here . Buy me a coffee ! INSTAGRAM | TWITTER | PINTEREST Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Why do some characters feel real and compelling, while others fall flat? Often, it comes down to motivation—what a character wants, why they want it, and how far they’re willing to go to get it. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological framework that can help writers understand what truly drives their characters at a deep, human level. Helps you to get deeper into the psychology of your character to better understand your characters, your character's motivations, their psychology, and help you understand where they are in their journey and what path they are on. In this post, we’ll break down how each level of Maslow’s hierarchy shapes a character’s desires, fears, and decisions, and how you can use it to craft richer, more believable character arcs. Table Of Contents What Is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? Physiological Needs Safety Needs Love & Belonging Esteem Needs Self-Actualization How To Apply The Hierarchy To Characters Where Do Your Characters Start? Want V.S. Need Conflict On The Pyramid Writing Exercises Concluding Thoughts Understanding Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs For Characters What Is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? If you've never heard of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, it is a psychological theory developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943, outlining the stages of human motivation. It is often depicted as a pyramid with five levels, each representing a different category of needs that drive human behavior. At the base are physiological needs like food, water, and sleep—essential for survival. Once those are met, people seek safety needs, such as financial security and physical protection. Higher up, individuals crave love and belonging, forming deep relationships and communities. Beyond that, they strive for esteem needs, seeking recognition, self-worth, and achievement. At the top is self-actualization, where a person pursues purpose, creativity, and personal fulfillment. Maslow theorized that as lower-level needs are satisfied, people become motivated by higher aspirations. In storytelling, this framework helps define character motivations, conflicts, and arcs, as characters evolve based on what they desire most. Illustration of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, depicting the pyramid from basic physiological necessities to self-fulfillment, with artistic elements like a typewriter and open book enhancing the visual presentation. Here’s a breakdown of the five levels and how they can shape a character’s journey. 1.) Physiological Needs – Survival at All Costs (The Base of the Pyramid) At the most basic level, every human (and character) is driven by the need to stay alive. These are essential needs like food, water, air, shelter, sleep, and physical health—without them, nothing else matters. When a character is stuck at this level, their entire focus is on survival, meaning they won’t have the luxury of worrying about self-worth, relationships, or personal growth. Their choices will be instinctive, desperate, and often reckless because the stakes are life or death. This level is common in survival stories, post-apocalyptic settings, war narratives, and dystopian fiction. A protagonist who has been thrust into the wilderness, trapped in a deadly competition, or fleeing a dangerous enemy will be primarily focused on securing these physiological needs before anything else. Example: Katniss Everdeen (The Hunger Games) isn’t initially concerned with rebellion or love—she just wants to survive and protect her family. Mark Watney (The Martian) spends most of the book solving one problem at a time: How do I get food? How do I make water? How do I not die on Mars? How This Shapes a Character: Their decisions are purely instinctual—survive or die. They have no time for deep emotions or complex relationships if their immediate survival is threatened. They may develop resourcefulness, resilience, and quick-thinking skills to navigate life-threatening situations. 2. ) Safety Needs – Stability & Security Once survival is secured, characters shift toward seeking safety and stability in their lives. This includes physical safety (protection from danger or harm), financial security, law and order, and overall stability. Characters at this stage are driven by the desire to avoid risk, establish control, and protect what they have. This need often creates internal conflict in characters who must choose between playing it safe or taking a risk. A character clinging to safety may refuse adventure, turn down opportunities, or even betray others to maintain their sense of security. Example: Bilbo Baggins (The Hobbit) starts his journey in a safe, comfortable home and is deeply resistant to adventure at first. Walter White (Breaking Bad) is initially motivated by his need to financially secure his family’s future after his cancer diagnosis, leading him down a dangerous path. How This Shapes a Character: If they are too attached to safety, they may struggle with stepping outside their comfort zone. They may hoard wealth, manipulate situations, or even lie to protect their stability. If safety is suddenly taken away, they may become desperate, paranoid, or reckless in an attempt to restore it. 3.) Love & Belongi ng – The Search for Connection After securing stability, characters begin to crave emotional connections—whether through friendships, romantic relationships, family, or a sense of belonging. This is where many deep internal conflicts arise, especially in stories where characters struggle with abandonment, rejection, or trust issues. A character at this stage may feel lonely, disconnected, or desperate for approval. They might go to extreme lengthsto maintain a relationship, or they may push others away out of fear of getting hurt. This level is particularly relevant in coming-of-age stories, romance, found-family narratives, and redemption arcs. Example: Elsa (Frozen) isolates herself because of her fear of rejection, but deep down, she longs for connection. Harry Potter doesn’t just want to survive the Dursleys—he craves friendship, love, and a true home. Dom Toretto (The Fast & Furious series) is motivated not by money or power but by his loyalty to his found family. How This Shapes a Character: If they lack love, they may become cold, detached, or afraid of vulnerability. They may chase relationships or approval to an unhealthy degree, leading to codependency. Their biggest fear might be abandonment, betrayal, or rejection. 4.) Esteem Needs – Respect & Recognition Once a character feels loved and accepted, they start to seek self-worth, respect, achievement, and recognition. This can take many forms—career success, proving themselves to others, gaining power, or earning admiration. Some characters want status and prestige, while others simply want to feel valued for who they are. This is where ego, pride, and ambition come into play. A character’s self-esteem might be tied to external validation—making them susceptible to arrogance, insecurity, or self-destruction if their status is threatened. This is common in rivalry stories, tales of ambition, and tragic character arcs. Example: Tony Stark (Iron Man) starts as a man who thrives on validation, status, and being the smartest person in the room. Jay Gatsby (The Great Gatsby) is obsessed with wealth and prestige, believing it will win him Daisy’s love. How This Shapes a Character: They may struggle with imposter syndrome, fear of failure, or arrogance. If they lose status, they might experience a crisis of identity. They might start out believing external success = happiness, only to realize true self-worth comes from within. 5.) Self-Actualization – Becoming Who They’re Meant to Be At the top of the hierarchy is self-actualization, where a character is no longer motivated by external factors (survival, security, relationships, or status) but by their own internal purpose and fulfillment. They seek to become their best selves, live authentically, and leave a lasting impact. This is often the end goal of a protagonist’s journey. They start off chasing something external (money, love, revenge, power) but eventually realize what truly matters. In contrast, tragic characters never reach this stage, remaining stuck in their lower-level needs. Example: Moana starts by wanting to follow her family’s traditions, but she realizes she must embrace her destiny and explore the ocean. Aang (Avatar: The Last Airbender) has to accept his role as the Avatar, despite wanting to run from responsibility. How This Shapes a Character: They stop being driven by fear, approval, or ambition and act out of purpose and wisdom. They often reach clarity about their true self, completing their arc. Their transformation may inspire or impact others, showing their growth. How to Apply Maslow’s Hierarchy to Characters Characters, much like real people, don’t wake up one day thinking, “I need self-actualization.” They start at the bottom—hungry, afraid, or longing for connection—and climb the hierarchy as their story unfolds. A character’s arc is often about moving up the pyramid, whether they realize it or not. That lone mercenary scavenging for scraps (physiological) might one day become a reluctant hero fighting for a cause (self-actualization). A street thief (safety) may only seek survival at first, but along the way, they might stumble into an unexpected found family (love & belonging). And sometimes? A character never reaches the top. Tragic heroes, villains, and even anti-heroes often get stuck in lower levels, unable to move forward because of fear, ambition, or self-doubt. By aligning your character’s desires, struggles, and ultimate growth with Maslow’s hierarchy, you can craft a journey that feels authentic, emotional, and deeply human. So now that we understand the five levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy, let’s explore how they shape a character’s journey. Characters rarely recognize their needs explicitly, but their struggles, motivations, and ultimate growth often align with this pyramid. A survival-driven character (Level 1) might start out only concerned with their next meal, but by the end of the story, they may rise to fight for a cause greater than themselves (Level 5). A power-hungry villain (Level 4) may spend an entire story chasing status and validation, only to realize too late that what they truly needed was love and belonging (Level 3). Some characters climb the pyramid, while others tragically fall—either way, their needs dictate their actions, shape their internal conflicts, and drive their arcs. Where Does Your Character Start? Before crafting a character arc, ask yourself: "where do my characters start on the hierarchy?" Are they struggling for basic survival, seeking safety, longing for love, or chasing prestige and recognition? Are they focused on survival (Level 1), stability (Level 2), or something higher? What need is currently driving their actions? What Do They Think They Want vs. What They Actually Need? Many characters believe they know what will solve their problems, but what they want isn’t always what they need. This tension is key to creating compelling character arcs. External Goal: What the character believes will fix their life. Internal Need: The deeper, often unrecognized truth that will actually fulfill them. Example: Elsa (Frozen) thinks she needs isolation to feel safe (safety needs), but what she actually needs is love and acceptance (belonging needs). Walter White (Breaking Bad) thinks he needs money to secure his family’s future (safety needs), but his true craving is power and control (esteem needs). Reflection Question: How does the story force your character to realize what they truly need? How Does Conflict Push Them to Climb the Pyramid? Great character arcs don’t just happen—conflict forces characters to evolve. Whether it’s internal struggles, external challenges, or life-changing events, something must disrupt their status quo and challenge their priorities. As characters grow, their needs shift up the pyramid. In a tragedy, a character may fail to grow and instead fall lower. Example: Katniss Everdeen (The Hunger Games) starts at physiological needs (finding food for her family). As the story progresses, she moves through safety, belonging, esteem, and ultimately, rebellion and self-actualization. Jay Gatsby (The Great Gatsby) remains trapped in esteem needs (status and wealth), never reaching self-actualization, which leads to his downfall. Reflection Question: Does your character naturally move up the pyramid, or do they cycle between levels? Writing Exercises for Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Exercise 1: Climbing the Pyramid – Character Growth Through the Hierarchy Pick a character and map out their progress through Maslow’s hierarchy. Where does your character start (survival, safety, love, esteem, or self-actualization)? What external event or conflict forces them to move up? Do they get stuck at a level? Why? What final moment or realization helps them grow—or keeps them from evolving? Example: Katniss starts at survival → moves through safety and belonging → struggles with esteem → reaches self-actualization as a revolutionary leader. Reflection Question: Does your character climb the pyramid naturally, or are they resistant to change? Exercise 2: What Do They Think They Want vs. What They Actually Need? Many characters pursue the wrong thing, believing it will bring happiness. This exercise helps define their false belief vs. true need. Write down your character’s external goal (what they think they need). Identify their internal need (what will actually fulfill them). Determine which Maslow level aligns with this need. How does the story force them to realize this truth? Example: Jay Gatsby thinks he needs Daisy’s love (esteem needs), but he actually needs self-worth and acceptance of the past (self-actualization). Elsa believes she needs isolation (safety), but her true need is love and connection (belonging). Reflection Question: How does your character’s journey shift their understanding of their true need? Exercise 3: The Pyramid Reversal – When Characters Fall Instead of Rise Not all stories are about growth—some are about destruction. Write about a character who descends Maslow’s hierarchy instead of climbing it. Identify where they start on the pyramid (e.g., a respected leader at esteem needs). What event shatters their progress and pushes them down? Do they recognize their fall, or are they in denial? Can they recover, or is their descent permanent? Example: Anakin Skywalker begins with esteem and purpose, but his fear and anger pull him down to safety and survival. Walter White starts at safety (providing for family) but descends into power obsession (esteem) and finally collapses back into survival mode. Reflection Question: What was the turning point where your character could have changed but didn’t? Exercise 4: The Missing Need – What’s Holding Them Back? Some characters never reach a specific level—and that’s what defines them. This exercise helps uncover what’s missing. Pick a character from your story. Identify which Maslow level they struggle to fulfill the most. How does this unmet need shape their fears, relationships, and actions? Will they ever reach this need, or will it always remain out of reach? Example: Batman is stuck in love & belonging—despite his found family, he isolates himself. Snape never fully reaches self-actualization—his identity is forever tied to past wounds. Reflection Question: If they fulfilled this need, how would it change them? Exercise 5: The Pyramid in a Single Scene A single scene can reveal where a character stands on the hierarchy. Write a moment where a character confronts a key need. Choose a Maslow level that’s driving your character. Introduce an obstacle that challenges this need. Show how they react—do they fight for it, abandon it, or compromise? Example Prompts: Physiological: A character stranded in the desert, facing starvation. Safety: A mother hiding her child during a war. Love & Belonging: A soldier returning home, unsure if they still fit in. Esteem: A musician competing for the opportunity of a lifetime. Self-Actualization: An inventor realizing their purpose isn’t fame, but changing lives. Reflection Question: How does the resolution of the scene impact their long-term character arc? Concluding Thoughts At its core, storytelling is about transformation. Whether a character is fighting to survive, searching for belonging, or striving to fulfill their purpose, their journey is shaped by their needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs offers a roadmap for character motivation, showing us why they act the way they do and how they evolve through conflict. Not every character climbs to self-actualization—some stay stuck, others fall, and a few never realize what they truly need. But understanding where your character stands on this hierarchy can help create depth, emotional resonance, and organic growth that makes them feel real. The best stories are not just about what happens, but why it matters. When you craft characters whose struggles mirror the fundamental needs of human nature, you create narratives that connect with readers on a visceral level. All great characters are driven by desire, but what they want is rarely what they truly need. – John Truby     Let me know if this blog post was helpful! I wish you all the success with your writing! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Why Do Some Stories Feel Timeless? Have you ever read a book or watched a movie and thought, This feels familiar —even if it was a brand-new story? That’s because most stories follow a core structure—one that’s been told for centuries, across cultures and time periods. While every story is unique, most fit into one (or a blend) of these 8 fundamental archetypes. These story structures resonate with readers on a deep level, making them some of the most compelling and enduring forms of storytelling. Let’s dive in! :) Table Of Contents Why Some Stories Feel Timeless Archetype 1: The Quest Archetype 2: Overcoming The Monster Archetype 3: Rags To Riches Archetype 4: The Hero's Journey (or The Voyage & The Return) Archetype 5: The Comedy Archetype 6: The Tragedy Archetype 7: The Rebirth Archetype 8: The Anti-Story (or Subverting The Archetypes) Concluding Thoughts The 8 Basic Story Archetypes (And Why They Work!) 1.) The Quest – The Hero’s Journey Begins The heart of a Quest story is determination, growth, and perseverance. The hero often starts out naïve or untested, but through trials, they develop strength, wisdom, or resilience. The obstacles aren’t just physical—they challenge the hero’s beliefs, fears, and limitations. Whether it’s a literal treasure or an emotional revelation, the journey itself is what changes them. Definition: A hero embarks on a journey to find something valuable, facing obstacles along the way. Why It Works: Humans crave adventure and purpose. The hero’s journey mirrors our personal struggles for growth and discovery. Examples: The Lord of the Rings – Frodo must destroy the One Ring. Indiana Jones – Always seeking a legendary artifact. Percy Jackson – A demigod on a journey of self-discovery. How to Subvert It: What if the goal is a lie (e.g., the “treasure” doesn’t exist)? What if the hero never returns ( Interstellar )? What if the hero refuses the call ( The Last Jedi )? Common Pitfalls: A generic hero with no personal stakes. A journey where every challenge is too easy to overcome. Questions for Writers: What motivates the hero to embark on this quest? How does the journey change them? What is the real treasure—external or internal? 2.) Overcoming the Monster – Facing Overwhelming Evil At its core, this archetype represents the battle between good and evil—but not all “monsters” are literal creatures. Sometimes, the antagonist is a corrupt system, an inner demon, or even fate itself. These stories resonate because they reflect our own fears—fighting against something stronger, scarier, or seemingly unstoppable. Victory often comes not just from strength, but from cleverness, teamwork, or a willingness to face the unknown. Definition: A hero must confront and defeat a great external threat—a villain, monster, or internal demon. Why It Works: Taps into our primal fears of danger and survival. Readers love rooting for an underdog against impossible odds. Examples: Beowulf – Classic monster-slaying. Jaws – A shark terrorizing a town. Stranger Things – The kids must battle supernatural monsters. How to Subvert It: What if the monster isn’t truly evil ( Frankenstein )? What if the hero fails to defeat it ( Infinity War )? What if humanity is the real monster ( The Mist )? Common Pitfalls: A generic villain with no motivation. The monster is too easy to kill—no real stakes. Questions for Writers: What does the monster symbolize in the story? What personal fears does the hero need to overcome? Can the monster be defeated by non-traditional means? 3.) Rags to Riches – The Underdog’s Rise The true power of this archetype isn’t just about wealth or fame—it’s about self-worth and transformation. The protagonist often starts unnoticed, underestimated, or mistreated, making their rise all the more satisfying. However, these stories often come with a lesson: success isn’t just about external achievements, but about proving something to oneself. Definition: A protagonist rises from obscurity to success, often proving their worth along the way. Why It Works: We love seeing underdogs succeed—it gives hope! It speaks to personal growth and transformation. Examples: Cinderella – From rags to royalty. Harry Potter – From neglected child to powerful wizard. Rocky – A nobody boxer becomes a champion. How to Subvert It: What if the character loses everything again? What if the protagonist becomes corrupted by success? What if they find out riches weren’t what they truly needed? Common Pitfalls: Success comes too easily—readers want to see struggle. A passive protagonist who gets success handed to them. Questions for Writers: What is the cost of success for the character? Is their growth external (status) or internal (self-worth)? What happens after they achieve their goal? 4.) The Hero’s Journey  – Voyage & Return This archetype explores the push and pull between the familiar and the unknown. The protagonist is thrown into a new world or situation, often one filled with danger, wonder, or strangeness. But returning home isn’t just about the physical journey—it’s about how they’ve changed. The challenge comes when they realize home may not feel the same anymore because they themselves are no longer the same person. Definition: A hero ventures into an unknown world and returns changed. Why It Works: Mirrors our real-life journeys of growth and transformation. Readers love stories about exploration and discovery. Examples: Alice in Wonderland – A strange world teaches Alice lessons. The Odyssey – Odysseus must fight to return home. The Wizard of Oz – Dorothy learns that home was what she truly needed. How to Subvert It: What if the hero doesn’t want to return? What if home has changed while they were gone? What if the hero forgets everything they learned? Common Pitfalls: The hero doesn’t change enough—making the journey feel pointless. The return is too easy or anticlimactic. Questions for Writers: How does the new world challenge the hero’s beliefs? What is the emotional cost of returning home? Does the hero’s home feel the same or different when they return 5.) Comedy – The Lighthearted Escape Comedy thrives on miscommunication, irony, and absurdity, but the best comedic stories aren’t just about making people laugh—they reveal truths about human nature. Whether through romantic mix-ups, social satire, or ridiculous circumstances, comedy helps us see our own flaws and struggles through a humorous lens. At its heart, it reminds us that life doesn’t always go as planned—but that’s what makes it interesting. Definition: A humorous story where misunderstandings, satire, or absurdity drive the plot. Why It Works: Comedy relieves tension and makes stories more relatable. Laughing at life’s absurdity is universally appealing. Examples: Pride and Prejudice – Romantic misunderstandings. Crazy Rich Asians – Family drama, love, and humor. The Good Place – A comedy about ethics and the afterlife. How to Subvert It: Mix comedy with dark themes ( The Truman Show ). What if the comedy hides a deeper tragedy? Blend humor with unexpected genres ( Shaun of the Dead ). Common Pitfalls: Forcing humor that doesn’t feel natural. Too many random jokes with no purpose. Questions for Writers: Is the comedy situation-driven or character-driven? What deeper themes hide beneath the humor? 6.) Tragedy – The Downward Spiral Tragedies explore the darkest corners of the human experience, showing how flaws, choices, or fate can lead to ruin. These stories don’t just end in despair for the sake of it—they force us to confront uncomfortable truths about power, morality, and consequences. The best tragedies make readers sympathize with the doomed character, even as they watch their downfall unfold. Definition: A protagonist’s flaws or poor choices lead to their downfall. Why It Works: Tragedy makes us confront hard truths about human nature. Readers love watching a train wreck unfold. Examples: Macbeth – Consumed by ambition. Breaking Bad – Walter White’s descent into villainy. How to Subvert It: What if the character escapes their fate at the last moment? What if we see the tragedy from the villain’s POV? Common Pitfalls: Making the protagonist too unlikeable—readers need to empathize. The downfall feels forced rather than inevitable. Questions for Writers: What is the fatal flaw that causes their downfall? Do they realize their mistake too late? 7.) Rebirth – A Second Chance at Life Some of the most powerful stories revolve around transformation and redemption. In the Rebirth archetype, a character—often one who has fallen into darkness, despair, or corruption—gets a chance to change. This can be a literal rebirth (a character is resurrected or given a second life), or it can be a metaphorical rebirth, where they overcome a past wound, fear, or mistake. The core of this archetype is renewal—a character must experience deep internal change to become someone new. This is why it’s often seen in redemption arcs and coming-of-age stories. Definition: A character undergoes a literal or metaphorical rebirth, often after falling into darkness or despair. Why It Works: People love redemption arcs—we want to believe that change is possible. It taps into the theme of transformation, growth, and second chances. Examples: A Christmas Carol – Scrooge transforms from a miser into a generous man. Beauty and the Beast – The Beast learns to love and is freed from his curse. Zuko (Avatar: The Last Airbender) – A fallen prince finds redemption. How to Subvert It: What if the character refuses redemption? ( Joker, There Will Be Blood ) What if the transformation makes them worse instead of better? What if they seek redemption but can never fully escape their past? Common Pitfalls: The redemption feels too sudden or unearned. A character changes only because the plot demands it, not because of real growth. Questions for Writers: What triggers the character’s turning point? Do they seek redemption for themselves, or for others? Is their rebirth internal (mindset) or external (circumstances)? 8.) The Anti-Story  – Subverting the Archetypes Not every story follows a traditional arc. Some flip storytelling conventions on their head, either by deconstructing archetypes, breaking narrative rules, or rejecting traditional resolutions. These stories challenge the audience’s expectations—sometimes making them question who the real hero or villain is, or whether a satisfying ending is even possible. While these stories can be bold and thought-provoking, they require a strong thematic purpose—otherwise, they risk frustrating the audience instead of challenging them. Definition: A story that intentionally breaks or inverts traditional storytelling structures, either by deconstructing tropes or rejecting resolutions. Why It Works: Readers love stories that challenge expectations. It makes us question storytelling itself—what makes a hero, what defines justice, etc. Examples: Gone Girl – Turns the mystery/thriller genre on its head. Game of Thrones – Constantly subverts expectations ( Who’s really the hero? ). Don’t Look Up – A satire that refuses the typical “hero saves the day” resolution. How to Subvert It: Play with unreliable narrators ( Fight Club, The Girl on the Train ). Let the “villain” be the protagonist ( Breaking Bad ). Refuse to give the audience a satisfying resolution ( No Country for Old Men ). Common Pitfalls: Subverting tropes for the sake of it—there should still be purpose. A frustrating or unsatisfying ending that alienates readers. Questions for Writers: What expectation am I intentionally breaking? Does my subversion enhance the story, or just shock the audience? Will the reader walk away feeling challenged or just confused? Concluding Thoughts While every story is unique, these eight archetypes serve as the foundation of storytelling. Writers don’t need to follow them rigidly, but understanding them provides a framework for crafting compelling, emotionally resonant narratives. Mix, match, or subvert these archetypes to create something fresh, engaging, and unforgettable. By recognizing these timeless patterns—and learning how to blend, twist, or reinvent them—you can craft stories that feel both familiar and entirely your own. Personally, I'm always drawn to a good subverted story (i.e. A Song of Ice and Fire), but I love a good Quest, Hero's Journey, Comedy, and Rebirth story. The story I'm working on (read more about it here ) currently incorporates FIVE (😱🤯😵‍💫) of the eight archetypes: The Quest, Hero's Journey, Overcoming The Monster, Rags to Riches, and Rebirth. If that doesn't emphasize my love for certain story archetypes, I don't know what will, haha!. But don't feel a need to shoehorn your story into only one archetype, as your story—like mine—can include several types. So to wrap up this blog post, I'll leave you with a wise quote by George R.R. Martin:  “The best way to be original is to understand what has been done before.” My questions to you are:  Which archetype do you love to read and write about most? Did you have any idea that all stories fall into one of these eight archetypes? Let me know your answers in the comments below! Happy writing! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

"Anyone can become angry—that is easy. But to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose, and in the right way—that is not easy.”  — Aristotle Hello, readers! This isn’t a typical blog post—I just wanted to share some thoughts I’ve been mulling over lately —specifically anger . I found this topic to be vastly interesting, perhaps you will too. Anger is something curious to me. Personally, I am not someone who is prone to anger. I often find the emotion unnecessary unless I am witnessing an injustice. Even when I rationalize and remind myself that all emotions are valid, it is not an emotion that comes easily to me—and that sparked a curious realization: Anger is not a stand alone emotion. Anger is almost always a secondary emotion, triggered by something deeper—fear, injustice, neglect, rejection, insecurity, or sadness. It’s a response to something beneath the surface. The only time I can think of where anger might be unprovoked is when someone’s hormones are out of balance (hello, mid-cycle mood swings). But even then, the cause isn’t nothing —it’s biological. So, this got me thinking: If anger is always tied to something deeper, what does that mean for our characters? And how can we use it to add nuance to our writing? Using Anger to Add Depth to Your Characters 1.) What Does Anger Reveal About Your Character? A character’s anger—or lack thereof—can speak volumes about their personality, experiences, and wounds. Are they quick to anger? Maybe they grew up constantly having to defend themselves because no one ever stood up for them. Are they slow to anger? Maybe they were taught that their emotions were invalid, so they learned to bottle them up. Do they believe anger is dangerous? Perhaps they had a toxic or abusive upbringing and now suppress their anger out of fear of becoming like their abuser. Do they lash out easily? That could indicate a deep-seated insecurity, where defensiveness is a survival mechanism. Anger isn’t just an emotion—it’s a window into a character’s backstory and psychological makeup. 2.) Anger as a Catalyst for Character Growth If a character suppresses their anger, their journey might be about learning to express it in a healthy way. If a character acts out in rage, their growth could involve learning restraint and emotional control. Example: A warrior character who views anger as a weapon might learn that unchecked rage makes them reckless. Over time, they master the art of channeling their fury into something productive—be it strategy, wisdom, or leadership. Letting a character grapple with anger—learning when to use it, when to let it go—can make for powerful development arcs. Using Anger in Your Storytelling Character Development Anger can be a defining trait or a hidden vulnerability. Ask yourself: What specifically triggers their anger? How do they express it—explosively, coldly, silently? How does it shape their relationships and choices? Example: In a fantasy novel, a protagonist’s rage over betrayal could push them to uncover hidden strengths—or blind them to dangerous truths. Plot Progression Anger can be a turning point in the story. A character’s outburst or moment of rage might escalate conflicts, expose secrets, or lead to life-altering decisions. Example: A character who finally stands up to their oppressor might spark a rebellion—or destroy an alliance. Dialogue & Conflict Angry dialogue can create intense, memorable moments between characters. It can be emotional, raw, and reveal hidden wounds. Example: A heated argument might not be about what’s being said but what’s left unsaid—unresolved resentment, old betrayals, or deeper fears. Emotional Resonance Readers connect with emotions. Anger, when portrayed authentically, can make a story more immersive. Instead of just saying “he was furious,” describe how it feels. Example: Instead of “She was angry,” try “Her hands clenched into fists, nails biting into her palms. A slow heat crawled up her neck, making her vision blur at the edges.” Thematic Exploration Anger can tie into larger themes like justice, revenge, oppression, or redemption. Example: A revenge-driven protagonist might struggle with the morality of their rage, questioning whether their anger is justified or consuming them. Concluding Thoughts Anger is a powerful emotion that can drive characters to extraordinary actions and create stories that captivate readers. By understanding the root cause of anger, we can craft characters that feel real, layered, and emotionally compelling. So next time you write an angry character, ask yourself: What is the real source of their anger? What does it reveal about their past? How does it shape their journey? Anger is never just anger—it’s a story waiting to be told. I'd love to hear your thoughts on the post and writing anger. Drop a comment below! Happy writing! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Have you ever had someone read your writing and tell you it was ‘passive’? Did you stare at them afterwards in confusion, scratching your head, thinking, “ What the heck does that even mean? My writing is ‘passive’?” Writers often hear that active voice is stronger, and for some writers, passive voice can feel like the bane of their existence—a mysterious, dreaded mistake that must be eliminated at all costs. But I’m here to tell you: passive voice isn’t always bad. The key is knowing when to use it, when to avoid it, and how to make that choice intentionally. In this post, I’ll help you identify passive vs. active voice so you can decide when passive voice might actually be the better tool for your writing. Like with many writing “rules,” the key isn’t to blindly follow them—it’s understanding them first, so you can break them intentionally. Personally, I’m an avid advocate of breaking conventional rules if it enhances my writing, story, character, mood, or theme. But like Show vs. Tell, passive voice has been unfairly villainized. Some writers treat it as if it should never be used, which I think is an unfortunate overcorrection. Active voice is like putting a character in the spotlight—clear, direct, and front-and-center. Passive voice moves them backstage, shifting focus to the scene, the mood, or the action itself. Great storytelling knows when to shine the light and when to let the background speak. Let’s break down the difference between active and passive voice, why it matters, and how to use each strategically in your writing. Table Of Contents What Is Active Voice? What Is Passive Voice? Identifying Passive Voice With The "Zombie Test" Exercises Concluding Thoughts Understanding Active V.S. Passive Voice Made Easy & Why It Matters What is Active Voice? Active voice makes writing clear, direct, and engaging. In an active sentence, the subject performs the action, keeping the focus on who is driving the story forward. This makes prose feel stronger, more immediate, and easier to read. For example, instead of saying, ‘The treasure was stolen by the thief,’ active voice sharpens the sentence to, ‘The thief stole the treasure.’ The difference? One feels distant, while the other keeps the action front and center. Active voice is especially powerful in storytelling, where characters need agency and momentum to make scenes feel alive. Active voice keeps things clear, direct, and engaging. Example: The knight slayed the dragon. (Active – The knight is doing the action.) Why It’s Preferred: It makes writing stronger and more immersive. Readers immediately understand who is acting. It creates a sense of urgency and impact—perfect for fiction and persuasive writing. Active voice is the foundation of strong, immersive storytelling because it keeps the prose sharp, direct, and engaging. It helps readers feel like they’re experiencing events in real time, rather than being told about them from a distance. While passive voice has its place, active voice is generally the best choice for keeping momentum, agency, and tension alive in your writing. One of the most important times to use active voice is during action and fast-paced scenes. Whether it’s a battle, a chase, or a moment of life-or-death urgency, active voice keeps the reader fully engaged. Compare these two sentences: The assassin drew his blade and lunged vs. The blade was drawn by the assassin before he lunged. The first feels immediate and intense, while the second is clunky and distances the reader from the action. In high-energy moments, active voice creates urgency and impact. Active voice is also crucial for character agency and decision-making. It keeps the protagonist driving the story forward rather than feeling like things are just happening to them. A sentence like She grabbed the letter and tore it open puts the focus on her actions and emotions, while The letter was grabbed and torn open by her makes her feel more like an afterthought. If you want readers to feel invested in your character’s choices, active voice is essential. Dialogue and internal monologue also benefit from active voice, making them feel more natural and emotionally expressive. People rarely speak in passive voice unless they’re intentionally being vague or distancing themselves from responsibility ( “Mistakes were made” instead of “I made a mistake.” ). Using active voice in character dialogue helps conversations feel authentic and engaging, while passive voice can make them sound stiff and unnatural. Another moment to prioritize active voice is when you’re building tension and momentum. If a character is creeping through a dark house, readers should feel their heartbeat quicken with every step. Compare The door burst open, and the stranger stepped inside to The door was burst open, and inside stepped a stranger. The first sentence is tight and suspenseful, while the second feels unnecessarily formal and sluggish. In thrillers, mysteries, or any high-stakes scene, active voice keeps readers on edge and immersed in the unfolding drama. Finally, active voice strengthens worldbuilding and immersion by making descriptions vivid and dynamic. When writing setting and atmosphere, sentences like Waves crashed against the jagged rocks, sending white foam spraying into the air allow readers to see and feel the scene. In contrast, The jagged rocks were crashed against by waves, and white foam was sent spraying into the air feels distant and overcomplicated. A strong narrative voice benefits from clear, engaging descriptions, and active voice helps bring a scene to life. Ultimately, active voice is the best tool for making writing punchy, immersive, and engaging. It places characters at the center of the action, keeps pacing tight, and ensures descriptions remain compelling rather than cluttered. While passive voice has its place in fiction, active voice is what keeps a story feeling alive, urgent, and emotionally impactful. What is Passive Voice? And How-To Use Passive Voice To Shift Focus (& How to Use It Intentionally) Passive voice shifts the focus away from the subject and onto the action itself. Instead of the doer taking center stage, the event or outcome becomes the focus. This can create a sense of mystery, formality, or emotional distance. For example, ‘The treasure was stolen by the thief’ places emphasis on the stolen treasure rather than the thief. In some cases, passive voice is useful—such as in mystery writing (‘The jewels were stolen last night’ keeps the culprit unknown) or when the doer is irrelevant (‘A new law was passed’). While passive voice can weaken writing when overused, it’s a valuable tool when used intentionally. In passive voice, the subject receives the action. This can make writing feel wordy, unclear, or detached. Example: The dragon was slayed by the knight. (Passive – The action is emphasized, not the doer.) Why It’s Usually Weaker: It adds unnecessary words and can feel clunky. It removes agency from the subject—who is actually doing the action? While active voice is often the stronger choice for storytelling, passive voice has its place when used intentionally. It shifts the focus away from the subject and onto the action or outcome, making it useful for moments of mystery, detachment, or dramatic emphasis. Instead of pushing the story forward with force, passive voice allows for subtlety, atmosphere, and intrigue. One of the most effective times to use passive voice is when you want to create mystery or suspense. If a crime has been committed but you don’t want to immediately reveal who is responsible, passive voice can help keep the perpetrator hidden. Compare Someone stole the ancient relic last night to The ancient relic was stolen last night. The first sentence is direct and clear, but the second keeps the focus on the event itself, allowing for tension to build. This technique is particularly useful in mystery, thriller, or horror writing, where the unknown is part of the appeal. Passive voice is also commonly used when a writer wants to depersonalize or soften responsibility. This technique is often seen in formal writing ( “A mistake was made” instead of “I made a mistake” ) but can also be a powerful tool in fiction. A character might use passive voice in dialogue to distance themselves from blame or sound deliberately vague. If a ruler announces, “Laws were broken, and consequences will follow,” they avoid naming specific people, making the statement sound formal and ominous. Another situation where passive voice works well is when the result of an action is more important than who performed it. This is especially true when describing widespread events or large-scale consequences. For example, “Entire villages were destroyed in the war” emphasizes the devastation, whereas “The enemy forces destroyed entire villages” puts the focus on the attackers. If the story is more about the aftermath than the aggressors, passive voice shifts attention to what happened rather than who caused it. Additionally, passive voice can enhance the tone of detachment or emotional distance. In moments of grief, trauma, or numbness, a character’s thoughts or narration might slip into passive voice to reflect their emotional withdrawal. For example, “The news was delivered, but I barely heard it” conveys shock and detachment, while “She delivered the news, but I barely heard her” is more immediate and personal. This technique can be especially effective in tragic or introspective moments where a character feels like an observer rather than an active participant. Lastly, passive voice can be used stylistically to mimic ancient texts, folklore, or prophetic speech. If a character is recounting a legend, they might say, “It is said that a great storm will come,” rather than “People say a great storm will come.” The passive construction makes the statement feel timeless, mythical, or fated, adding to the weight of the words. This is often seen in fantasy, historical fiction, and religious or mythological storytelling. While passive voice can weaken writing if overused, it is a valuable tool when used with intention. It can create mystery, formality, emotional detachment, and historical weight, making it a stylistic choice rather than a grammatical mistake. The key is knowing when to let passive voice enhance your storytelling rather than dull it. How to Spot Passive Voice Using The "Zombie Test"🧟‍♂️ If you're struggling to tell if a sentence is passive, worry not! Try using the “Zombie Test”! The “Zombie Test” for identifying passive voice was popularized by Dr. Rebecca Johnson, a professor at the Marine Corps University. She introduced this method as a quick and engaging way to help students recognize passive constructions in their writing. By adding the phrase “by zombies” after the verb, if the sentence still makes sense, it’s likely in the passive voice. For example, “The book was read (by zombies)” indicates a passive structure. This technique has since been widely adopted as a fun and effective tool for teaching grammar concepts. How It Works: Find the verb in your sentence. Add “by zombies” after the verb. If the sentence still makes sense, it’s passive . If it doesn’t, it’s active . Examples: The treasure was stolen (by zombies). → Makes sense! = Passive voice ❌ Pirates stole the treasure (by zombies). → Doesn’t make sense! = Active voice ✅ Why It Works: Passive voice often hides the subject or makes the action feel distant. The “by zombies” trick exposes weak phrasing, missing or unclear doers of action, and helps you rewrite stronger, clearer sentences! Bonus Tips: Another way to check is by looking for forms of “to be” ( was, were, is, been, are ) + a past participle ( eaten, written, discovered ). Look for “by” phrases ( The book was written by the author ) and if the doer of the action is missing or unclear, it’s likely passive. Exercises: Converting Passive Voice to Active Voice Rewrite the following sentences in active voice by identifying the subject and making the sentence more direct. Simple Sentences The book was placed on the table. A mistake was made in the report. The keys were found under the couch. The letter was written in a hurry. A new law was passed last week. Longer Sentences The cake wa s baked by the chef for the celebration. The castle was attacked by an unknown enemy at dawn. The decision was announced by the jury after hours of deliberation. A new discovery was made by scientists in the deep ocean. The lost dog was finally found by a kind stranger. Challenging Sentences The entire city was evacuated due to the approaching hurricane. A rare artifact was unearthed by archaeologists in the desert. The missing documents were recovered by the detective after an extensive search. The championship trophy was awarded to the winning team. The rules were changed to improve fairness in the competition. Bonus Challenge: Try writing your own sentences in passive voice and then rewriting them in active voice! Concluding Thoughts Active voice makes writing stronger and clearer, but passive voice has its place when used intentionally. It’s not just a grammatical mistake—it’s a stylistic tool that can shift focus, build suspense, and control tone. The key is knowing when to use it for impact and when to avoid it for clarity. When To Use Active vs. Passive Voice: ✔  Use active voice when:  You want your writing to be clear, direct, and engaging. ✔  Use passive voice when:  The doer of the action is unknown, irrelevant, or intentionally hidden. Quick Rule of Thumb: Active = Clarity & Impact. Passive = Distance & Detachment. “Passive voice obscures responsibility. Active voice reveals it.”   So my questions to you are:  Do you ever find yourself using passive voice often? H ow do you catch it in your writing? Have you ever used passive voice intentionally in your writing? How did it change the focus of your scene ? Drop a comment below—I’d love to hear your thoughts! 😊 Happy writing! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

I'm not certain if this already exists or not but in the fall semester of 2023, I came up with a personal poetry style that I have since dubbed "Matryoshka Poetry." Now, what is Matryoshka Poetry? It is a poem inside a poem. It is a larger story that encompasses a smaller, more specific story. It's poetry where you really try to read between the lines, to see deeper, and to understand the inner story within the larger.  It's where you tell at least two stories—or more if you dare—in one poem. There is an "outside" story and "inner" story. The outside story cannot be fully understood without the inner story, but the inner story can be fully understood by itself. That said, the outside story gives the inner story context and therefore grounds it and gives it deeper meaning. Want to write a Matryoshka poem yourself? Read this blog here that goes into more depth of my process of how I structure, breakdown, and write a Matryoshka poem since it can be a challenging process. The name for this kind of poetry was inspired by Russian Nesting Dolls, also known as Matryoshka Dolls.  I used to love poetry when I was younger, but unfortunately, the American public school crushed that loved out of me pretty quickly…   So this is my attempt to shake my fist at the American education system in rebellion to reclaim and rekindle my love and interest for poetry.   And so, I hope to write and post more Matryoshka Poetry on my blog for others to read and enjoy in the near future. Keep in mind, I'm a novice poet, so by no means are they going to be perfect but I hope people enjoy them nonetheless. See you in the next blog! —Bair✍︎ Where epic fantasy meets philosophical ponderings of the self. Want to stay up to-date and get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . SUBSCRIBE to the blog on my personal website , Substack , or Medium . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board ! Mosswing hopes you've enjoyed his—* coughs * * clears throat * I mean… Bair's blog post!

Ever get stuck on trying to answer problems created by your worldbuilding? Or do you need help finding solutions to the questions your worldbuilding creates? Then here is one of my favorite pieces of worldbuilding advice I've ever come across! A piece of advice that I've often implemented into my own writing. Let me introduce you to: The Two-Layer Worldbuilding Explanation. What is a two-layer explanation? A two-layer explanation, as the name suggests, uses two layers of explanation: one to explain the specific problem and the other explaining the explanation. This approach is a clever way to address plot holes and maintaining a sense of coherence within a fictional world. Let's break down an example following this structure: Example 1: Plot Hole 1: In a fantasy world, magic exists, but only a few people can use it. Why is magic so selective, and what determines who can use it? Solution 1: Magic is a gift from ancient elemental spirits, and only individuals with a strong affinity for a specific element can harness its power. This unfortunately opens up additional questions. Plot Hole 2: Why do these elemental spirits choose specific individuals, and what criteria do they use? Solution 2: The elemental spirits are bound by a cosmic balance and choose individuals based on their inherent qualities such as courage, wisdom, or empathy. The spirits aim to maintain harmony in the magical forces. However, this explanation prompts another inquiry: Plot Hole 3: What is the origin of these elemental spirits, and why are they invested in maintaining cosmic balance? Solution 3: The elemental spirits are remnants of ancient, powerful wizards who sacrificed themselves to preserve the magical equilibrium. Their essence became the spirits, and now they seek to prevent the misuse of magic, which could lead to catastrophic consequences. It takes at least two layers to create an illusion that every question has an answer—that your worldbuilding iceberg is not, indeed, hollow. By introducing these layers of explanation, each answer both resolves and expands upon the previous question, creating a sense of depth in the magical system of the fantasy world. This approach allows for a structured and intriguing narrative without requiring exhaustive details for every aspect of the fictional universe. You might even find that the second questions answers loops right back into the first one, filling up the plot hole entirely. You don't need to have an answer for everything, two layers can be enough to create the illusion of infinite depth. Answer the question that looms behind the answer of the first question, and a normal reader won't bother to dig around for a third question. Lets do another example: Example 2: Plot Hole 1: The protagonist gains superpowers from exposure to a rare meteorite. Why is this meteorite so unique, and why does it grant powers? Solution 1: The meteorite contains an extraterrestrial element called Xenium, which reacts with human DNA, unlocking latent abilities. Again, this raises more questions: Plot Hole 2: Why does Xenium exist, and why does it have such a specific effect on human DNA? Solution 2: Xenium was intentionally sent to Earth by an ancient alien civilization seeking to uplift human evolution. It's a form of controlled experimentation on developing intelligent life. Unfortunately, this introduces yet another mystery: Plot Hole 3: What is the purpose of this ancient alien civilization, and why are they interested in Earth? Solution 3: The ancient aliens are a group of cosmic guardians who aim to foster advanced civilizations across the universe. Earth is a crucial experiment for them, and they use Xenium to influence evolution positively. This layered approach provides a chain of explanations, each answering the question raised by the previous one. It creates the illusion of depth and complexity in the fictional universe, leaving readers satisfied without delving too deep into the potential infinite loop of questions. The key is to strategically introduce layers that both resolve existing questions and introduce new elements, maintaining a delicate balance to keep the narrative engaging. Let's create one last example using the two-layer explanation approach: Example 3: Plot Hole 1: In a sci-fi setting, a spaceship's hyperdrive allows it to travel faster than light. Why is this specific hyperdrive technology so advanced compared to others in the universe? Solution 1: The spaceship's hyperdrive is powered by a rare crystalline substance called Quantaflux, which can harness energy from alternate dimensions, enabling faster-than-light travel. This raises another question: Plot Hole 2: Why is Quantaflux so rare, and how did it come to be associated with faster-than-light travel? Solution 2: Quantaflux is a natural occurrence in the remnants of ancient star systems that went through cataclysmic events. Its unique properties were discovered by a brilliant scientist who found a way to extract and stabilize it for practical use in hyperdrives. Repeat after me now: yet another inquiry: Plot Hole 3: Who was the scientist that discovered Quantaflux, and why did they devote their life to this groundbreaking research? Solution 3: The scientist, Dr. Nira Yelensky, had a personal connection to a tragic event involving a failed faster-than-light experiment that claimed the lives of her closest friends. Her quest for understanding and redemption led her to discover Quantaflux and develop a safer and more efficient hyperdrive technology. I love the two-layer explanation as it not only helps address the initial plot holes but also provide a backstory for your stories and can help introduce compelling characters whose motivations add depth to the narrative. This two-layer approach allows for a nuanced and interconnected world-building without requiring exhaustive details on every aspect. My question to you is: what is your favorite worldbuilding advice and how have you implemented the advice into your story or worldbuilding world? Let me know your answers in the comments below! Happy worldbuilding! —Bair✍︎ Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog. Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books! Support the blog on Ko-fi! 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Are you a busy writer? Or need of finding solutions to help meet your writing goals and needs? Do you want the ability to write wherever you may be in the world? Then read on and get my advice writing essentials every writers needs. Here is 6 Writing Essentials for Writers on the Go 1.) Invest in an ergonomic bag. I’m somewhat of a fashion forward person… Oh who am I kidding, I’m a fashionista. I'm the bougiest person I know. I admit it—and with pride for that matter. As much as I would love to always use a shiny, black, crocodile textile handbag, in the long run it’s not going to be the best for my shoulders of my arms. Regardless of gender, if you prefer to use your laptop or an iPad for your writing, investing in a good backpack or an ergonomic purse will save you back pain now and in years to come. 2.) A Writer's Notebook. Okay okay, I’m sure many of your saw that coming or rolled your eyes, but it is an essential. Put into practice bringing a notebook with you everywhere (and don’t forget a pencil or a pen—this should be a no brained but I’ve done that one too many times to admit…) Then again, most of the time my phone is my notebook, which then in that case, I best recommend using the OneNote app from Microsoft for jotting down notes and ideas mainly because it’s free, doesn’t require a membership, and it can connect very easily to multiple devices—which is incredibly helpful. Not only that, but you can have several notebooks, with several separate files to organize all your many notes. Read my blog here as to why a writer's notebook is crucial to every writer. 3.) A Nook or a Kindle. As much as I am partial to an actual book, I’ve found for my life style, it’s just not logical for me. I live in a small apartment where I am physically limited in the amount of books I can have in a given space. For my favorite, special edition or signed edition books, I keep them in storage for when I can finally proudly display them in my personal library. So since I can’t have as many books as my reader-and-writer heart desires, I’ve opted for the next best thing—a virtual book. I have and constantly use my kindle, it’s much lighter and ergonomic for me (it’s also a bit more environmentally conscious, less paper and more trees and all that jazz). I can have as many books as I want and with my ADHD brain, I can read three books at a time! 4.) A foldable or collapsible keyboard. If you’re like me and are partial to small bags, or don’t want to have to lug a laptop or tablet around, a collapsible keyboard that connect with your phone is a must. Instead of condensing a keyboard to a tiny screen—which for me, when I type, I am never accurate and spew word Frankenstein abominations that spellcheck doesn’t know how to fix—just doesn’t work for me. I can never get out my words fast enough on my tiny phone screen, and most often I stop mid-sentence or thought because I can’t be bothered to complete my note on a tiny screen. Having and using a mini keep board has exponentially increased my word count and is now the leading reason why and how I manage to get in my daily word count. (Not to mention it's pretty cheap!) I’ll leave the one I use linked here if you're interested in getting one for yourself. 5.) Sound deafening earbuds or headphones. For me, my sound deafening earbuds have been a game changer. For some reason it hacks my ADHD brain allows me to sit down and focus for prolonged periods of time. Not only that, but it helps to minimize and noise distraction that may be going on around me. A good pair of earbuds or headphones are great because they let you listen to your audiobooks and writing podcast on the go(click here to read my 6 Favorite Writing Podcast or here for My Favorite Writing Craft Books blog posts). Personally I prefer to wear earbuds more for the convenience of them. I enjoy being able to slip by earbuds out of my pocket and into my ears when I need to. I’d also recommend purchase a pair of earbuds or headphones that not only are they noise canceling but allow for “hear through.” Noise canceling is helpful for those of whom who live in a busy or loud house hold, or for those who enjoy writing at cafes but may not want to hear the busily sounds of said café. 6.) Snacks Notice how I didn’t say coffee or any kind of caffeinated drink. Whether you’re writing your first chapter, 53rd, or are working on your author platform, any kind of mental work is going to burn a lot of energy and calories. Creativity can be, and is, incredibly draining. Therefor writers must properly fuel their brain and body. Of course, that being said, it doesn’t hurt to have your favorite tea or water, but nourishing your body is a must and should not be neglected. As much as that chocolate scone or croissant my be delicious—and yes, it can be soulfully and spiritually fulfilling—it’s not going to give your brain the boost it needs. Opting for the fruit parfait, yogurt, or the whole wheat sandwich with avocado and tomatoes will ultimately give the necessarily nourishment your brain—and body—needs. Even a good granola bar is a better choice than Cheezits or cake. That being said, once you've accomplished your goals, definitely treat yourself to your favorite snack. Be it, extra chocolately-chocolate cake with chocolate ice cream on top or avocado toast, don't forget to celebrate your achievements—big or small. Two Bonuses! Every writer should have book related gear. For me, that means my phone case, kindle case, and computer case all look like old books. Twelve South has many cute book related cases for all types of tech. The amount of time I've accidentally left my phone in a changing room or at a restaurant is an embarrassing amount of times... Thankfully, it was never stolen since my phone case looks like a mini book, the logic here being: who's going to steal a little book? (If you answered: "Me!" then I only have one thing to say to you... Same.) But I'll leave a link here for you to go and check out Twelve South. My last bonus tip is, if you're a writer on-the-go, a good wifi connection is a no brainer, so I'd suggest considering getting a personal hotspot. Anyways! Those were my top tips for writers on the go. Let me know your thoughts in the comments below and if any of these tips helped. Happy writing! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you. This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog. Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books! Support the blog on Ko-fi! INSTAGRAM | LINKEDIN | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store

Hello world! I know at this point I don't have many followers on this blog or website but I wanted to come on here to share some thoughts anyways. I guess this blog will also serve as a mild, personal diary that I can reflect back onto in the future to come. Anyways, at this moment in time, I'm on the path to earning my Creative Writing Associates Degree, which I'm excited about. One of the classes I'm taking this semester is a creative writing fiction class with a professor I had last semester and I am absolutely loving it! It has reminded me how in love and passionate I am about writing. I have also discovered I especially love helping others with their writing and educating and sharing all of my advice with them. I guess this is my way to remember the reason I started this blog in the first place. This class has helped to set afire under my butt, given wind to my wings, and re-inspired me to my projects and to this blog. So I hope to keep momentum going. I hope one blog inspires another, not just in me, but in you, the reader. I hope that this encourages me to keep writing. To continue to be passionate. I look forward to improving my writing, to sharing it. I want to get better and so I must be brave and share it. Not only have I been inspired to write more for this blog and write creatively, I'm also in the process to trying to get into poetry; to try and better understand it, enjoy it, appreciate it, and write it. In my early journey of poetry, I've come up with a new way of writing poetry that I really enjoy and I have now dubbed it "Matryoshka Poetry." It's where you tell two stories in one poem. There is an "outside" story and "inner" story. The outside story cannot be fully understood without the inner story, but the inner story can be fully understood by itself. That said, the outside story gives the inner story context and therefore grounds it and gives it deeper meaning. This has been a fun challenge to come up with for myself and tell more stories through poetry. I encourage you to try it for yourself. I plan to write a future blog that goes more into my process of how I structure, breakdown, and write a Matryoshka poem since it can be a challenging process. Anyways, that's all I really wanted to say and to you who read this, I send you positive and good vibes. I hope you accomplish your writing goals, and know you've got someone in your corner cheering you on. I'll leave this update with a quote: “Exercise the writing muscle every day, even if it is only a letter, notes, a title list, a character sketch, a journal entry. Writers are like dancers, like athletes. Without that exercise, the muscles seize up.” — Jane Yolen See you in the next blog, —Bair✍︎ Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog. Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books! Support the blog on Ko-fi! INSTAGRAM | LINKEDIN | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store