ADHD & Writing: What It’s Like Being a Neurospicy Writer If you’re a writer with ADHD (or any other flavor of neurospiciness), you know the rollercoaster: w riting with ADHD is sometimes like trying to herd caffeinated cats in a thunderstorm—chaotic, unpredictable, often messy, but also wildly creative, deeply intuitive, and sometimes… shockingly brilliant. I deas strike like lightning at 2AM, but your ability to finish that paragraph from yesterday? Vanished. You feel everything deeply, you get obsessed with characters that won’t leave you alone, and your desk is a chaotic graveyard of notebooks, pens, and half-finished story outlines. (Definitely not calling myself out here…) If you're a neurospicy writer, you're not alone. As a person with ADHD, I've had first hand experience of being that writer who is a midnight idea hoarder, a chronic over-researcher, a “starts ten projects but finishes one” writer. I have felt the spectrum of abundant magic and absolute mayhem of being a neurodivergent writer. Before I ever knew I was neurodivergent, I often got frustrated at my lack of consistency with projects, constantly starting new ones, and feeling like there was something wrong with me… Which is why I wanted to come on here today and talk about the realities of being a writer with ADHD —the highs, the lows, the creative superpowers, and the executive dysfunction dragons that we neurospicy writers battle on the daily. Table Of Contents The Beautiful & Brilliant Chaos Of The Neurospicy Brain Hyperfixation: A Superpower & Arch-Nemesis Executive Dysfunction & Time Blindness Story Planning & The Panster Life RSD & Sharing Your Writing Neurodivergent Strengths In Writing Too Many Ideas, Not Enough Time 2am Writing When The Writing Hits You Ain't Broke, You Just Built Diff Concluding Thoughts The Beautiful, Brilliant Chaos of the Neurospicy Brain ADHD brains are wired differently, which means our creative process doesn’t always follow the traditional route. We often have vivid imaginations, emotional depth, and a wellspring of ideas that seem to appear out of nowhere. But we’re also battling executive dysfunction, time blindness, and the occasional inability to start—or stop—working. Hyperfixation: A Superpower & An Arch-Nemesis Hyperfixation can feel like being struck by creative lightning. Suddenly you’re writing 8,000 words in a single sitting, fully immersed in your world, typing like crazy like a rainstorm against a tin roof. It’s magical. It's enthralling. It's unstoppable. Until… it's not. When hyperfixation fades, it can leave behind guilt, self-doubt, and a half-finished project. That doesn’t mean you’re lazy—it means your dopamine buffet ran out. The key thing I've learned is to ride the waves and pick up where I've left off with kindness (not shame), and incorporate some kind of awareness that I'm spending so many attention tokens. That way, when I reflect on my progress and analyze the pace I've been going at to see if it is sustainable, I don't get burned out. Which means some of you may have to get real with yourself about whether or not your word goal is actually manageable or not. Executive Dysfunction & Time Blindness Ahhh, executive dysfunction… The bane of my existence. The thing I struggle with the most in all aspects of my life, especially writing. It sucks . You want to write. You plan to write. You sit down to write. And yet… you’ve been staring at a blinking cursor for 45 minutes because your brain hit pause. Or better yet, to avoid the writing you know you should be doing, all the chores you've been putting off for three weeks, miraculously get done in two hours instead of five. Executive dysfunction isn’t about laziness—it’s a neurological hiccup in task initiation. Paired with time blindness ("What do you mean it’s already 5AM and I've somehow pulled an all-nighter!?"), it can make deadlines feel impossible. That's why you have to find what works for you. Find the systems that hack your biology, whether it's timers, body doubling, ambient noise, or micro-deadlines, they can all help bridge the gap between wanting to write and actually writing. Remember to be realistic and gentle with yourself—you’re building a system that works for your brain, not someone else’s. Story Planning & the Pantser Life Outlining? We barely know her. ADHD writers often lean into pantsing (discovery writing), thriving on spontaneity, emotional intuition, and surprise. While traditional plot structures may feel confining, creating loose scaffolding—like broad story beats or scene cards—can give your brain enough freedom to play without getting totally lost in the weeds. Rejection Sensitivity & Sharing Your Work Rejection Sensitivity Dysphoria (RSD) is real—👋🏻 hi, I have it, it's a bitch—and brutal. The fear of judgment can make sharing your work with beta readers, critique partners, or even close friends feel like stepping off a cliff. You might second-guess every line, spiral from a single piece of feedback, or ghost your own writing group for weeks. Validation helps, but so does practice. Start small. Share with someone safe. Remind yourself that feedback isn’t a referendum on your worth—it’s a tool for growth. Neurodivergent Strengths in Worldbuilding Your brain connects dots other people don’t even see. That makes you a phenomenal worldbuilder. ADHD writers often create immersive, intricate worlds full of depth and originality. Your curiosity, your capacity to deep-dive into research, your ability to link themes across seemingly unrelated topics—all of this makes your storytelling stand out. But the strengths don’t stop at worldbuilding. ADHD writers also tend to write characters with incredible emotional nuance, tapping into empathy and sensitivity to craft stories that resonate deeply. Dialogue can feel sharper, more natural, more alive, because our minds are constantly observing, processing, and mimicking the way people actually speak. We also excel at voice. Neurodivergent writers often have a distinctive narrative tone—quirky, sharp, poetic, or brutally honest—that makes their work feel original and memorable. Our brains may jump tracks faster than a speeding train, but that often results in unique metaphors, unusual connections, and surprising twists. And let’s not forget: ADHD writers are masters of adaptation. We know how to pivot. If a scene stalls, we change it. If a new idea hits, we find a way to weave it in. Our flexibility is a gift, and our creativity refuses to be boxed in. Lean into that. Build the worlds only you can build. Tell the stories only you can tell. Editing, Burnout, & Project Hopping Editing when the hyperfixation fades can feel like dragging yourself through mud. Suddenly the story isn’t shiny anymore, and a new idea—fresh, exciting, full of dopamine—is calling. This doesn’t mean you’re flaky. It means your brain is chasing novelty because it’s low on stimulation. Try rotating projects, breaking edits into tiny chunks, or gamifying the revision process. Sometimes, just rereading your work can reignite that spark. But also? It’s okay to take a break. Rest is part of the process too. Too Many Ideas, Not Enough Time ADHD writers are idea factories. You’re constantly bombarded by inspiration—shiny concepts, new characters, entire plots that arrive fully formed during your morning shower. But too many ideas can be paralyzing. You start five stories and finish none. Try keeping a dedicated “idea graveyard” or a Notion doc full of cool-but-not-now ideas. This way, you’re not letting them go—you’re just saving them for later. When you find the one that won’t let you go, stick with it. Remind yourself that focus doesn’t mean killing creativity—it just means choosing one thread to follow at a time. Writing at 2AM Because That’s When the Magic Hits For many ADHD writers, the hours between 2 AM and 4 AM are when the stars align, and suddenly, you’re a literary genius. While this isn’t always practical for long-term sustainability (hi, sleep deprivation), don’t discount your body’s natural rhythm. If night writing works for you, lean into it—just be mindful of burnout. If you can’t write during traditional hours, carve out your own sacred time. Creativity isn’t a 9-5 job. You’re Not Broken—You’re Just Built Differently Here’s the thing: neurodivergent writers don’t need to be “fixed.” You’re not behind. You’re not doing it wrong. You’re navigating a creative process that wasn’t designed with your brain in mind—and yet, here you are, still writing. Still dreaming. Still telling stories. Go you! The way you think, feel, and create is valid. The magic is real—even if it doesn’t always look like other people’s magic. Concluding Thoughts: Embrace the Chaos, Honor the Magic Being a neurospicy writer comes with its own special brand of highs and lows—but if there’s one truth I hope you walk away with, it’s this: you are not alone, and your creative process is valid. You may write out of order, skip drafts, forget to eat while hyperfocusing, or cry over line edits—and still, you are a writer. You deserve grace, flexibility, and creative joy. Build systems that support your unique brain, and don’t let the traditional rules of writing shame you into thinking you’re doing it wrong. You’re not. You’re doing it your way, and that is freaking awesome . “The word creativity is closely linked to the word genius, since both words have the root meaning ‘to give birth.’ Essentially, creativity designates the capacity to give birth to new ways of looking at things.” — Thomas Armstrong, Awakening Genius in the Classroom .  Happy writing! —Bair✍︎ Want to stay up to-date and get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . SUBSCRIBE to the blog on my personal website , Substack , or Medium . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! 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Why I Recommend Reedsy for Writers at Every Stage I first found Reedsy thanks to a writer friend who shared one of their blog posts with me. I expected a nice article or two—but what I discovered was an absolute goldmine. Reedsy quickly became one of my go-to writer resources. It has more tools, tips, and professional connections than almost any other writing platform I’ve come across—even more than my own blog! Whether you're brand new to the craft or getting ready to publish your fifth book, Reedsy offers something valuable at every step. It’s a platform that grows with you, from your first idea to your final draft and beyond. Table Of Contents What Is Reedsy? Who It's Great For Who It's Not For Reedsy VS Other Platforms Community & Confidence Tools Worth Exploring Reedsy Marketplace Email Courses = Gold Trust & Quality Resources I Love Most Concluding Thoughts What Is Reedsy? Reedsy is an all-in-one platform designed to support authors throughout the entire writing and publishing process. From craft-focused blog posts and free email courses to professional editors, cover designers, and marketers, Reedsy bridges the gap between dreaming about your book and actually putting it into readers' hands. It's like having a toolkit, classroom, and publishing team all in one beautifully designed place. You can write, learn, plan, and hire—all without leaving the site. Whether you're aiming to self-publish or preparing to query traditional publishers, Reedsy offers a supportive structure to help you move forward with clarity and confidence. Who It’s Great For Reedsy is perfect for writers at nearly every stage—from those just starting to explore the craft to authors preparing for launch. It’s especially useful if you’re looking to self-publish with clarity and confidence, or if you want to take your existing process to the next level. If you value learning, community, and high-quality tools, Reedsy offers all three in one place. It’s also great for writers who want access to industry professionals but aren’t sure where to start. Instead of Googling aimlessly or risking your budget on unvetted freelancers, Reedsy gives you a curated, trustworthy space to connect with the right people. And for those looking to grow their skills, publish with polish, or simply be part of a larger writing ecosystem—Reedsy is a smart, empowering step forward. Who It’s Not For If you’re someone who prefers to manage everything within one platform—writing, editing, formatting, publishing—Reedsy might feel like one extra step. It’s more of a supplement than a standalone solution. You’ll still need to pair it with tools like Scrivener , Vellum , Canva, or KDP, depending on what your project needs. But if you’re comfortable piecing together your own creative system, Reedsy fits in beautifully. It’s also not the best fit for those looking for an audience-building platform. Unlike sites that let you publish serialized fiction or articles for public feedback, Reedsy is focused on behind-the-scenes support. It helps you  prepare  your book for an audience, not necessarily build one through shared content. Reedsy vs Other Platforms Unlike platforms like Wattpad or Medium, which focus on sharing your writing publicly, Reedsy is focused on helping you publish professionally. It’s not about building an audience through serialized content—it’s about learning the craft, connecting with experts, and getting your book ready for shelves, both digital and physical. Where other platforms are built for visibility or blogging, Reedsy is built for  authors . It's also more robust than simply being a database of freelancers or a blog site. Reedsy combines education, professional development, and publication support in a cohesive ecosystem. You can draft, edit, hire, learn, and plan your launch all in one place—and that convenience, when paired with quality, makes it stand out in a crowded landscape of writing tools. Community & Confidence More than anything, Reedsy made me feel less alone in the writing and publishing process. It reminded me that there’s a whole world of writers out there working through the same challenges, and there are tools and people ready to help. Having access to that kind of support—whether through an article, a professional edit, or a prompt contest—helped build my confidence as a writer and reaffirmed that this journey is something I don’t have to do alone. It also gave me a sense of momentum. Every time I explored a new tool or resource, I felt like I was leveling up. Whether I was outlining a story, writing a query letter, or comparing developmental editors, I wasn’t guessing anymore—I had a partner in the process. That kind of quiet encouragement can be everything when you’re deep in the trenches of storytelling. Tools Worth Exploring Reedsy offers several free tools that can help streamline your writing process. Their Book Editor is a clean, minimalist drafting space that lets you write, format, and export your manuscript for publishing. It’s not as robust as Scrivener, but it’s great for writers who want a distraction-free option with built-in formatting. The interface is simple, sleek, and intuitive, making it a great option for those who want to focus solely on getting their words on the page. They also have a Title Generator, Character Name Generator, and Blurb Generator—super helpful when you're stuck on the little things. These tools are fast, fun, and surprisingly inspiring when you’re feeling stuck or unsure. There are also editing and collaboration features that let you work with hired professionals directly within the platform. Everything is saved, tracked, and managed in one place, making it easy to keep your workflow organized, especially during the revision and publication stages. Reedsy Marketplace The Marketplace is one of Reedsy’s standout features. You can connect with vetted, experienced professionals across the publishing industry—from developmental editors and proofreaders to cover designers, publicists, and ghostwriters. You can browse their portfolios, request quotes, and compare rates and reviews to find the best fit for your project. Everything is transparent, easy to navigate, and designed to help you make confident decisions about your team. What sets it apart is the level of access you have—not just to freelancers, but to real industry professionals. Many of the people on Reedsy have worked with traditional publishing houses or bestselling indie authors. It’s an incredible way to network, get professional critiques, and talk with people who truly understand the writing and publishing landscape. You don’t just hire someone—you learn from them, collaborate with them, and gain insight into what it takes to succeed in today’s competitive market. Email Courses = Gold Reedsy’s free email courses are short, practical, and actually useful. I’ve done many of them over the years, and I always walk away with something new—whether it’s a clearer understanding of structure, a more compelling approach to character arcs, or a better grasp on the business side of writing. These aren’t fluffy newsletters. They’re mini masterclasses delivered straight to your inbox, packed with examples, insights, and actionable advice. You’ll find topics like worldbuilding, outlining, writing emotional scenes, and building an author platform—all delivered right to your inbox. They’re perfect if you like learning in bite-sized chunks without committing to a full-on workshop. It’s like a mini masterclass that fits into your lunch break, but with real takeaways you can immediately apply to your current or future writing projects. I revisit a few of them from time to time—they're that good. Trust & Quality One of the best parts of Reedsy is the trust factor. The professionals in the Marketplace are carefully vetted, and the platform as a whole feels safe and reliable—especially if you’re hiring an editor or designer for the first time. You don’t have to worry about being scammed or getting subpar work. Reedsy’s built-in messaging, contracts, and feedback system provide accountability and peace of mind. That level of trust extends to every part of the platform. You know that every tool, resource, and piece of content has been created with authors in mind. It’s not just a tech company dipping its toes into publishing—it’s a space  built  for writers, by people who genuinely care about the craft. Resources I Love Most Reedsy’s blog is filled with in-depth, accessible articles that cover everything from character arcs and story structure to writing blurbs and planning your launch. They don’t just scratch the surface—they go deep into the heart of storytelling, breaking down complex topics in an easy-to-understand way. They offer free query letter and synopsis templates, which are invaluable when you're navigating the publishing world, especially for the first time. One of my favorite features is their weekly writing contest—every Friday, they post a list of themed prompts and offer a cash prize to the best short story submission. It’s a great opportunity to explore new story ideas, get exposure, and maybe even be featured on their site. As mentioned above, they also offer bite-sized, insightful email courses on a wide range of writing topics. These are excellent for busy writers who want to keep learning in small, manageable chunks—whether you want to build a fantasy world, craft better dialogue, or prepare your marketing strategy. The courses are practical, engaging, and written by professionals who know the industry inside and out. Check out Reedsy here or click the button below! Concluding Thoughts Reedsy is one of the few platforms I recommend to  every  writer I meet. Whether you’re deep in your first draft or preparing to launch your fifth book, there’s something here for you—resources, tools, community, and a clear path forward. It’s smart, supportive, and designed to meet writers where they are. So if you're feeling overwhelmed or unsure of your next step, Reedsy might just be the helping hand you've been looking for. Best of luck to you on your writing journey and adventures! —Bair✍︎ Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

If you’re looking for a clean, reliable, and professional formatting tool for self-publishing—look no further. Vellum is the gold standard. It’s trusted by countless indie authors for a reason: it makes your book look stunning inside and out, with minimal effort and zero formatting headaches. Whether you’re preparing an eBook, a paperback, or both, Vellum handles the heavy lifting so you can focus on what matters most—your words. Formatting used to be the final boss in my self-publishing journey. I remember staring at my manuscript in a Word doc, squinting at weird margins, trying to figure out how to make it look halfway decent for print—and failing miserably. Then I found Vellum. The first time I dropped my book into it and saw the clean chapter headings, elegant spacing, and polished layout, I was blown away. It finally looked like a real  book. That was a turning point for me—not just in how I formatted my books, but in how I viewed my own work. It’s one thing to see your story on a screen, but another entirely to see it come alive in typeset pages that look indistinguishable from traditionally published novels. It gave me a sense of legitimacy, a feeling that yes, I am an author, and yes, my work deserves to be beautifully presented. So, what exactly is Vellum, and why do so many authors swear by it? Table Of Contents What Is Vellum? Who Is Vellum For? Who Vellum Is Not For What Makes Vellum Special What You Need To Know Readers Notice Quality Paired With Vellum Future Projects & Series Formatting A Downside To Vellum – Mac-Only Reality My Favorite Features Concluding Thoughts What Is Vellum? Vellum is a professional-grade formatting tool for authors that transforms your manuscript into a beautifully designed book, ready for eBook platforms and print-on-demand publishing. It’s built for Mac and offers a user-friendly interface that makes even the most intimidating parts of formatting feel simple and intuitive. No coding, no complicated design templates—just a straightforward experience that gives you high-end results. Whether you're preparing your debut novel or refreshing the look of your entire backlist, Vellum makes the process efficient and—dare I say—fun. Who Is Vellum For Vellum is ideal for indie authors, hybrid authors, and anyone handling their own formatting. It’s for storytellers who care deeply about the reader’s experience and want their book to reflect the love and labor they’ve poured into every word. If you want a finished product that rivals the look and feel of a traditionally published book—without needing to hire a professional formatter—Vellum is a perfect fit. It’s also fantastic for authors managing multiple series or projects, because once you get the hang of it, it becomes second nature. Who Vellum Is Not For Vellum is Mac-only, which is a bummer if you're a Windows user without access to a workaround. It’s also not a tool for writing, editing, or cover design—its focus is purely formatting. If you’re still early in your writing journey or not yet ready to publish, you may want to hold off on buying it until you're closer to needing it. It’s best suited for writers who are actively preparing for publication and want a clean, professional product without hiring out. What Makes Vellum Special The magic of Vellum is that it doesn’t just make formatting easier—it elevates your work. It’s sleek, smooth, and surprisingly powerful. You don’t need to be a tech wizard to use it, and it handles all the annoying stuff for you: drop caps, automatic page breaks, table of contents, front matter, back matter, scene break symbols—you name it. It takes what’s often the most stressful step of publishing and turns it into something streamlined and satisfying. There's a beautiful clarity to the interface that makes it easy to navigate, and within minutes, you can see your book laid out exactly how it will appear to readers. What You Need to Know Vellum is a one-time purchase with two pricing options: $249 for eBook formatting or $299 for both eBook and print. There’s no subscription, no recurring charges—just pay once and it’s yours for life. You can download and explore the software for free, with the only limitation being that your exports will have a watermark until you purchase a license. It’s a significant upfront investment, but one that pays off quickly if you’re publishing more than one book. And considering how much time and stress it saves, it's absolutely worth it in my experience. 💰 Cost: $249 (eBooks only) or $299 (eBooks + print) 🖥️ Platform: Mac only 📦 Free trial: Yes, with watermark on exports 💡 Tip: Format once, and reuse the same style/template forever Readers Notice Quality Readers may not always be able to explain  why  your book looks good—but they absolutely feel it when the formatting is off. Poor spacing, inconsistent margins, and awkward text breaks can make a book feel amateurish, even if the writing itself is strong. Vellum eliminates all of that by giving your work a polished, high-quality layout that invites trust. It makes the experience seamless for the reader and allows your story to shine through without distractions. Paired With Vellum (What You Still Need) Vellum is brilliant at what it does, but it’s not an all-in-one publishing suite. You’ll still need a great cover, a solid editor (shoutout to ProWritingAid), and a publishing platform like Amazon KDP, Draft2Digital, or IngramSpark. Luckily, Vellum produces files that are perfectly formatted and compatible with all the major self-publishing platforms, so you’ll never have to worry about whether your uploads will work. It plays very well with others. Reuse for Future Projects & Series Formatting One of the biggest time-saving perks of Vellum is the ability to reuse your styles and formatting choices across multiple books. If you’re working on a series, you can keep everything consistent—chapter styles, font choices, headers, and layout—making your books feel connected and cohesive. It also makes formatting sequels ridiculously easy. Once your formatting setup is in place, it’s a simple drag-and-drop process to apply the same professional polish again. Mac-Only Reality Let’s talk about the elephant in the room: Vellum only works on Macs. If you’re a Windows user, you’ll need to either borrow a Mac, buy a secondhand one for formatting purposes, or use a service like MacInCloud, which lets you access a virtual Mac for a small fee. It’s not ideal, but it is doable—and many authors find that the results are worth the extra step. If you  do  have access to a Mac, though, using Vellum is pure joy. My Favorite Features One of my absolute favorite features is the live preview mode, which lets you see exactly how your book will look on devices like Kindle, iPad, or in print layout. I also adore the thoughtfully designed styles—they’re minimal, elegant, and professional, with enough variety to suit most genres. Creating front and back matter is a breeze, and adding links, author bios, and series listings feels intuitive rather than technical. Exporting files for multiple platforms—Kindle, Apple Books, Nook, Kobo, and print-ready PDFs—is done in seconds, and the files are flawless every time. No weird formatting surprises, no last-minute panic. Just clean, beautiful output. Concluding Thoughts Vellum didn’t write my book—but it made it  feel  like a book. It bridged the gap between a finished manuscript and a professional product I could be proud to share with readers. It took the stress out of formatting and replaced it with creative excitement. And most importantly, it helped me put my work into the world with confidence. If you’re serious about publishing and want a tool that helps you showcase your work at its best, Vellum is one of the smartest investments you can make as an author. Have I convinced you yet? Check out Vellum here  or click the button below! Next up? A deeper look at  Reedsy —a site that has saved me more times than I can count. Stay tuned! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Why I Use ProWritingAid for Editing (and You Should Too) I used to think I was a pretty solid self-editor—until ProWritingAid politely (but firmly) pointed out that I had written the word “just” 72 times in a single chapter. It was humbling. And honestly? Incredibly helpful. This tool didn’t just improve my grammar—it leveled up my  writing , and by extension, my confidence as a writer. Whether you're polishing your very first novel, cranking out a high-stakes college essay, or cleaning up blog posts (like this one), ProWritingAid is the tool I trust to make my writing tighter, cleaner, and actually more  me . It's not just a tool I use—it's a tool that's actively helped shape the way I write and edit. Table Of Contents What is ProWritingAid? What ProWritingAid Does Customization & Goals Learning Through Editing Use Cases Beyond Fiction Who ProWritingAid May Not Be For Better Than Grammarly! My Favorite Features How ProWritingAid Has Helped Me What YOU Need To Know Pro-Tips For ProWritingAid Concluding Thoughts What Is ProWritingAid? ProWritingAid is a writing assistant designed to help you improve your writing at every level. From catching grammar mistakes to refining style, pacing, and sentence flow, it's built with writers in mind—especially those working on long-form creative content like novels, essays, or blog posts. Think of it as your personal editor, mentor, and cheerleader, all in one. What ProWritingAid Does ProWritingAid is more than a grammar checker—it’s like having a personal editor who  actually  teaches you as you go. While Grammarly is great for basic fixes, ProWritingAid digs deeper into your style, readability, flow, and clarity. It analyzes things like: Overused words Sentence length variation Sticky or gluey phrases Passive voice Dialogue tags Clichés and redundancies Readability level Each report gives you real insights—not just “fix this,” but  why  you should consider fixing it. That kind of feedback has helped me grow so much as a writer. It’s almost like having an invisible mentor perched on your shoulder, giving you mini writing lessons every time you revise a page. Customization & Goals One of the coolest things about ProWritingAid is how customizable it is. You can tailor it to your specific needs, which makes the feedback more helpful and less overwhelming. For example, you can: Choose your writing style (creative, academic, business, etc.) Set personal editing goals to focus on what matters most to you Prioritize specific improvements like cutting down on adverbs or minimizing passive voice Build your own style guide if you want to keep terminology, spelling, or phrasing consistent across large projects This flexibility makes it super versatile whether you're editing a novel, polishing an essay, or refining a professional document. It molds itself to your goals. Learning Through Editing One of the best things about using ProWritingAid is how it teaches you to become your own editor. I started to see my most common habits—like opening every other sentence with "I," leaning too hard on filler words like "really" and "just," and relying on vague adjectives. Over time, I started catching these issues  before  the program did. Editing with ProWritingAid is like going through mini writing lessons in real time. The more you revise with it, the more you internalize what makes prose effective, sharp, and readable. It's made me a more intentional writer, even in my first drafts. I now think more critically about word choice, rhythm, and sentence structure while I'm drafting—not just when I'm cleaning things up later. Use Cases Beyond Fiction This tool isn’t just for novelists. ProWritingAid has become a staple in nearly every corner of my writing life. It’s just as valuable for everyday writers, students, bloggers, and professionals as it is for novelists. Whether I'm polishing a passion project or fine-tuning something work-related, I know I can rely on ProWritingAid to help me say what I mean—clearly, confidently, and with style. I use it for: Blog posts (yes, including this one!) Query letters and synopses (because first impressions matter) Academic writing and essays Work emails and pitches Basically, if I’m writing it, I’m running it through ProWritingAid. It’s also a great accountability buddy when I’m procrastinating—I can run a report and trick my brain into thinking I’m being productive (because I  am ). Who It Might Not Be For As much as I love ProWritingAid, I’ll be real—it’s not for everyone. If you’re the kind of writer who thrives with handwritten notes in the margins, prefers minimal feedback, or feels overwhelmed by too many suggestions at once, this tool might feel like a lot. Some writers just want to fix typos and move on. If that’s you, something simpler like Grammarly might be a better fit. But if you're looking for a tool that helps you  understand  your writing and grow over time, ProWritingAid is unmatched. It’s a tool for writers who want to  level up  their craft—not just tidy it up. What Makes It Better Than Grammarly (IMO) I’ve tried both, and here’s the truth: Grammarly is great for casual editing. But ProWritingAid? It’s for writers. It goes deeper, offers more nuanced feedback, and doesn’t just clean up your mistakes—it helps you  grow  past them. ProWritingAid makes you think about  why  something isn’t working. It doesn’t just auto-fix things; it explains the logic behind the suggestions. That’s what makes it such a great tool for writers who care about craft. Plus, it doesn’t bombard me with “upgrade to premium!” pop-ups or try to make everything sound like corporate marketing copy. My Favorite Features ProWritingAid comes packed with over 20 reports, but my go-to favorites are the Style Report, Repetition Checker, and Sticky Sentence tool. The Combo Report is a total timesaver, running everything at once for a full diagnostic sweep. I also love the browser extension for emails and the Scrivener integration—chef’s kiss. It’s everything I need to clean up my prose without losing my voice. There are over 20 detailed reports, but here are the ones I use the most: Style Report : Helps refine tone and sentence construction. Great for tightening prose without flattening your voice. Repetition Checker : Catches echoes I didn’t even notice. Apparently, I’m obsessed with certain phrases. Sticky Sentence Checker : Highlights hard-to-read or clunky phrases that slow the reader down. Readability Report : Great for spotting when a section is too dense or too simple for the tone I want. Combo Report : Runs everything at once—my go-to for second and third drafts when I want the full picture. Browser Extension : I love using this for emails, newsletters, and even social posts. Yes, I’m that person. Scrivener Integration : Yes, it works with my favorite writing tool! Major win. How It Helped Me Personally In fiction, ProWritingAid helps me cut fluff, improve pacing, and become more aware of how my sentences  feel . It’s taught me to recognize when I’m being too vague, overly repetitive, or drifting into passive voice. These were habits I didn’t even realize I had until I saw them flagged over and over again. When I was in college, ProWritingAid was a game-changer for academic papers too. I turned in clearer, more concise essays, and I genuinely believe it contributed to better grades. Professors appreciate clarity just as much as creativity. It also made me more confident in self-editing. I no longer feel like I’m guessing when I revise—I  know  what to look for, and more importantly, how to fix it. I’ve become much more efficient and intentional, which saves me tons of time and energy in the long run. What You Need To Know 💸 Cost: Free version available | $20/month or $399 lifetime 🖥️ Platform: Mac, Windows, web app, browser extension, Google Docs integration 🆓 Free Trial: Yes! Limited access, but enough to test the features 💡 Tip: The lifetime license is so worth it if you plan to keep writing long term. Once you get used to it, it becomes part of your writing routine—like a warm-up before the real workout. And the investment pays off fast if you're consistently producing content. Pro-Tips For Using ProWritingAid Always start with the Combo Report —it’s a timesaver and gives you the full overview. Use it in waves : I usually run it after a first draft polish and again after big structural edits. Don’t blindly accept every suggestion : Learn from it! Trust your voice. Use it as a guide, not gospel. Use it to identify patterns in your writing —you’ll start noticing bad habits before the tool even flags them. Save your reports : They’re fun to look back on later (and useful if you’re tracking progress over time). Concluding Thoughts Editing isn’t just about fixing errors—it’s about growing as a writer. ProWritingAid has helped me become a sharper storyteller, a clearer communicator, and a more confident reviser. It’s helped me spot weak points I never noticed before and polish my work with intention instead of guesswork. If you’re serious about your craft, this is one investment I can’t recommend enough. It’s not just an editing tool—it’s a growth tool. Have I convinced you yet? Check out ProWritingAid here  or click the button below! Next up? I’ll be sharing my love letter to  Vellum —aka, the tool that makes my books look stunning inside and out. Stay tuned! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

W hy I Swear by Scrivener for Drafting My Novels Once upon a time, I was a little writing gremlin hoarding dialogue in Apple Notes, storing plot twists in untitled Docs, and whispering “I’ll remember this later” into the void. I lived in digital disarray, fueled by vibes, caffeine, and the occasional panic scroll through 87 files titled “finaldraft_revised_FINALfinal2.docx.” Then I found Scrivener. And it changed everything . Suddenly, my chaotic gremlin energy had a castle to live in—with labeled drawers, secret passageways, and trapdoors for discarded plot bunnies. Before Scrivener? My novel living in chaos. After Scrivener? Still chaos—but now it's color-coded and easy to navigate. All that to say, it didn’t just help me organize my stories—it helped me finish  them. I’ve been using Scrivener for nearly a decade now (wow), and it’s still one of my absolute favorite and go-to tools. It’s more than just a writing app—it’s a creative command center for writers, no matter your style or stage in the process. When I first opened Scrivener, I was overwhelmed by the features, but I quickly realized it was like discovering a secret room in a house I'd been living in my whole life. Suddenly, I had drawers to sort ideas into, boards to pin up my thoughts, and folders to track every tangled thread of my stories. And today, I’m dragging you down into the Scrivener rabbit hole with me and why you, my insomniac, caffeine-addicted writer, should ditch the chaos and fall in love with Scrivener—because it’s glorious, and honestly, you deserve nice things too. Table Of Contents What You Need To Know Built For Writers How I Use Scrivener Scrivener For Every Writing Style Scrivener Learning Curve Favorite Features & Customizations Writing On-The-Go Advanced Scrivener Sorcery Is Scrivener For You? Quick Fact Recap Concluding Thoughts What You Need To Know About Scrivener Before you dive in, here are a few basics to keep in mind: Scrivener is a one-time purchase—$50 for the desktop app (Mac or Windows) and around $20 for the iOS version. No subscription, no hidden fees. Just buy it once and it’s yours. You also get a  very generous  free trial: 30 active days of use (meaning only the days you actually open the app count toward the trial). So if you use it twice a week, that trial will last you a lot longer than you'd expect. Scrivener is available on Mac, Windows, and iOS, but not on Android. And if you want to sync projects across devices (like your computer and your phone), you’ll need to use Dropbox. That’s the only syncing option Scrivener supports across platforms. You  can  technically use other cloud services, but it can get messy or corrupt files—so I stick with Dropbox. It’s reliable, and honestly? I trust it more than Google Drive anyway. Scrivener Is Built For Writers Unlike Word or Google Docs, Scrivener isn’t a general-purpose word processor—it was built specifically for authors. You can break your manuscript into scenes or chapters, organize research, plan plot points, and write in distraction-free mode. Everything lives in one place, and you’re not constantly jumping between tabs or apps. No more endless scrolling. No more "wait, which version is the latest one?" No more copy-pasting from Notes, Google Docs, and rogue PDFs. Just your story, organized your way. It's like having a digital whiteboard, filing cabinet, sticky note wall, and typewriter—all rolled into one flexible platform. You can be in the middle of a sentence, open a sidebar, check your worldbuilding notes, and keep writing without losing momentum. It’s the kind of flow state every writer dreams about. How I Use Scrivener (& How It Supports My Chaos) I don’t always write scenes in order, and Scrivener totally gets that. During the early stages of my drafting process, it’s rare for my stories to unfold linearly—and the beauty of Scrivener is that I can drag and rearrange scenes whenever I need to. That flexibility is a lifesaver when you’re building a story out of instinct and scattered inspiration. The Corkboard view is especially satisfying for visual planning. I use it to outline and reshuffle chapters, and I color-code scenes by POV or plotline so I can get a quick snapshot of pacing or balance. It feels like having a mood board for your brain. Split-screen mode is another godsend—I can keep my outline or character notes open on one side while I draft on the other. No more flipping between tabs or losing focus. I also take full advantage of the Research folders, where I dump everything from worldbuilding docs to maps, timelines, and even the occasional inspirational song or audio note. My Character and Setting folders are full of personality quirks, backstory snippets, and outfit details, which helps me stay consistent as I write. And before any major revision, I always use Snapshots—just in case I change my mind or spiral into doubt (which, let’s be honest, is a sad but common occurrence for most writers). And let’s be honest: when things feel like a mess, there’s comfort in knowing your story isn’t. Scrivener gives you a kind of organized chaos that makes writing feel less like herding cats and more like conducting a symphony. Scrivener for Every Writing Style Whether you outline extensively or chase character voices in the dark, Scrivener molds to your brain—not the other way around. It gives you the freedom to follow your inspiration and the tools to wrangle it when you’re ready to shape it into something more. Pantsers: Write what you feel when you feel it, move it later. No pressure. Plotters: Build out a full outline with cards, folders, labels, and metadata. Create a scene-by-scene breakdown with as much detail as you want. Plansters (chaos hybrids like me): Scrivener lets you jump between structure and spontaneity without ever losing your place. Getting Over the Learning Curve I'll be honest: Scrivener can feel overwhelming at first. But you don’t need to use every feature! Start simple: One folder for chapters One for characters One for notes That’s enough to get started. You’ll naturally explore more features over time, and there are so many tutorials out there—including the one that helped me the most: Abbie Emmons' Scrivener Masterclass is a step-by-step course designed to help writers master Scrivener quickly and confidently. In five clear modules, she walks you through the essentials—from launching the software and setting up your story project, to customizing your writing space, backing up your work, and using her favorite features to streamline your process. With lifetime access and bite-sized lessons, it’s a great way to level up your writing workflow at your own pace. Also, Scrivener’s built-in tutorial is incredibly thorough. If you take 30 minutes to explore the interactive guide, you’ll feel ten times more confident. Favorite Features & Customization Scrivener’s customization options are one of my favorite things. You can switch between light and dark mode, or even download genre-themed layouts—I use a dark teal and rose gold combo that makes me feel like a moody fantasy queen. Composition Mode gives you distraction-free writing with full-screen immersion, and I’ve set mine to a cozy forest background for maximum ambiance. I also use custom labels and icons to track POV, draft stages, or emotional tone—and yes, there are emojis involved. You can really make Scrivener your creative home. I even know writers who create entire aesthetic boards within their Scrivener binder (which always amazes me because I've never figured out how to do that myself). It’s part writing tool, part inspiration portal. Scrivener On-The-Go One of the things that has made me up my word count and been an incredible addition to my writer's arsenal is the Scrivener app for iOS. I bought it years ago (it was around $20), and while I don’t draft long-form on my phone, it’s perfect for: Reading through scenes while traveling Jotting down ideas quickly Reviewing notes on the go When I’m at a coffee shop or commuting, I often use the app to brainstorm dialogue or re-read scenes that need tweaking. It’s a great way to stay connected to your story even when you’re away from your desk. Dropbox Tip: If you want to sync Scrivener projects between desktop and mobile, use Dropbox. Just make sure it’s syncing to the correct folder. Advanced Scrivener Sorcery Scrivener has some seriously underrated features that make it feel less like a writing app and more like a spellbook for authors. Here are a few of my favorites: Revision Mode : Change your font color for different revision passes. It’s like Track Changes, but aesthetic. I use red for major rewrites, blue for minor tweaks, and purple for dialogue polish. You can spot your changes at a glance. Project Targets + Session Goals : Set custom word count goals for your manuscript  and  each writing session. You get a little progress bar that fills up as you write. It’s wildly motivating, especially on deadline. Writing Statistics : Scrivener tracks your word count across sessions, days, scenes—you name it. Perfect if you're a data nerd or trying to prep for NaNoWriMo. Document Notes vs. Project Notes : Scrivener lets you attach specific notes to each document (scene), as well as keep general project-wide notes. Great for staying organized without needing 47 sticky notes or side docs. Compile Tool : This is Scrivener’s built-in formatting tool, and while it can seem intimidating, it’s  so  powerful. Export your book as a Word doc, PDF, ebook, or even a clean beta reader version—customized exactly how you like. Dialogue-Only View (Hack) : Need to check pacing or character voice? You can use search tools or collections to isolate just your dialogue-heavy scenes. It’s like a vibe check for your characters. Multi-Book Projects : Writing a series? Scrivener can handle it. You can keep multiple books in one project file, plus shared folders for worldbuilding and character arcs that stretch across the series. Secret Uses : Want to stay in character? Add a journal folder where your POV characters “free-write” their feelings. Or keep a hidden folder of rejection letters and positive affirmations titled “Persistence Mode.” (No one has to know but you.) The only limit there is to Scrivener is your own imagination. Is Scrivener Right for You? A Mini-Checklist: ☑︎ You want to keep everything for your novel in one place ☐ You like working in scenes or chapters instead of one massive doc ☑︎ You want flexibility to plan OR just dive in ☑︎ You want to track your revisions, notes, and progress ☐ You’re tired of losing ideas across scattered apps ☐ You need a space that grows with your story If you said yes to even  one  of those—Scrivener might be your new writing soulmate. Quick Facts Recap 💸 Cost: $50 one-time desktop license | ~$20 for iOS app 🖥️ Platform: Mac, Windows, iOS (no Android) 🆓 Free Trial: 30 active days of use (not calendar days!) 💡 Tip: Sync with Dropbox across devices Have I convinced you yet? Check out Scrivener here or click the button below! Concluding Thoughts Think of Scrivener like a house. You don’t have to explore every room right away. Live in the living room. Write at the kitchen table. Open new doors as you grow. Eventually, it will feel like home. Whether you’re writing your first novel or your tenth, it’s absolutely worth trying out. Start small. Stay curious. And remember, you don’t have to use every feature to benefit from it. Want to see how I actually set up a Scrivener project from scratch? That’s coming next! Until then—happy drafting, my fellow word-smiths! —Bair✍︎ Disclaimer: Please note that this blog post contains affiliate links, which means I may receive a referral commission at no extra cost to you . This support helps keep my website up & running, and me writing! Thanks so much for your support! Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Hello fellow writers! For this intro, I'd like to share a little anecdote to set the tone. Imagine this, once upon a time, I wrote everything in the Apple Notes app. No folders. No structure. Just vibes and pure chaos. Good luck trying to find anything. Organization? Never heard of her. Teenage me was a hardcore pantser, truly flying by the seat of her pants—plot? What's that? I had characters galavanting from one note to another with random dialogue saved in a dozen different notes, sometimes in emoji code when I was at the peak of my midnight madness because I thought that I'd remember what they'd mean by the time I woke up the following morning (spoiler alert: I almost never did). Some ideas would get buried so deep I'd forget they even existed. Every writing session started with scrolling endlessly, hoping I'd stumble on the right note at the right time. But somehow, that messy beginning led me to some of the most invaluable tools I’ve ever discovered as a writer. Tools that didn’t just  tidy things up —they transformed my writing, editing, publishing, and creative process. These resources didn’t just help me stay organized. They changed how I think about storytelling itself. Whether you’re just starting out or knee-deep in your fifth rewrite, here are four resources that changed the game for me (and might just do the same for you). Table Of Contents My Longest & Most Loyal Writing Companion –  Scrivener Better Than Grammarly  –  ProWritingAid Format Your Own Book Using Vellum The Master Treasure Trove For Writers  –  Reedsy Concluding Thoughts 1. Scrivener – My Longest (& Most Loyal) Writing Companion ( Sorry Kimberly ) I discovered Scrivener 8 or 9 years ago (wow, I can’t believe it’s been that long?!), and while there is a bit of a learning curve, I promise you it’s worth it . So don't be like me and spend the first 5 years of your life using Scrivener and not properly knowing how to use it. Because it's one thing to have a good tool. It's another thing entirely to actually know how to use your tool properly . There are a ton of great (and FREE) tutorials out on YouTube, but my personal favorite tutorial was a paid class by Abbie Emmons. Abbie Emmons’ Scrivener Masterclass is a step-by-step course designed to help writers master Scrivener quickly and confidently. In five clear modules, she walks you through the essentials—from launching the software and setting up your story project, to customizing your writing space, backing up your work, and using her favorite features to streamline your process. You can use her pre-built template or build your own project from scratch, and you’ll also get access to seven custom Scrivener themes inspired by different genres. With lifetime access and bite-sized lessons, it’s a great way to level up your writing workflow at your own pace. Her masterclass is $47, but like the Scrivener app itself, it's well worth the investment. Check Out Abbie's Masterclass Here: https://www.learnfromabbie.com/p/teachmescrivener . Learning how to use Scrivener revolutionized my writing. It gave me structure without killing creativity. I could drag and drop scenes, keep character profiles handy, and store research  inside  the project—no more 52 open tabs or rogue notes apps. Once you figure out your rhythm, it becomes second nature. I love how it lets me work in pieces. I can outline with notecards on the corkboard, jump between scenes without endless scrolling, and even split my screen to reference notes while I draft. It's like a writing studio built just for me . I also bought the Scrivener iOS app years ago for around $20, and while I don’t use it to draft, it’s great for reviewing scenes and jotting down ideas on the go. Read my blog post " 6 Writing Essentials For Writers On The Go " here to learn more about how I use Scrivener iOS on my phone for writing on the go. Another bonus? Scrivener offers a free trial for 30 actual days of use—not calendar days. So if you use it twice a week, your trial lasts a lot longer than you'd think. For a one-time $50 investment, you’re not only getting a powerhouse tool that lasts, but it's a lifelong writing companion. Caveat: You will need Dropbox if you want to sync projects across devices, and once your storage grows past a certain limit, there’s a small monthly fee—but I trust Dropbox way more than Google Drive anyway. 💸 Cost: $50 one-time desktop license | ~$20 for iOS app 🖥️ Platform: Mac, Windows, iOS (no Android) 🆓 Free Trial: 30 active days of use (not calendar) 💡 Tip: Syncs with Dropbox across devices Scrivener helped me go from chaos-brained pantser to semi-organized chaos-plotter. It gave me confidence in my process and helped me actually finish projects. 2. ProWritingAid – Better Than Grammarly, Hands Down I cannot say enough good things about ProWritingAid. It leveled up my writing and editing so much, both in my fiction and in college. Where Grammarly just catches grammar, ProWritingAid helps you improve your style—pacing, overused words, sticky sentences, tone, and more. I love that it doesn't just correct me, it teaches me. Every time I run a report, I learn something new about my writing habits. Turns out, I overuse certain words like "just" and "really" and write in passive voice more often than I thought. ProWritingAid helped me become more conscious of my sentence flow and rhythm. If you’re serious about writing, skip the monthly plan and go for the lifetime license. It's an investment, but if you’re going to invest in your craft, make it something that actively helps you become a better writer (& connects seamlessly with Scrivener). It also came in clutch during college papers and essays, making everything tighter, clearer, and more professional. 💸 Cost: $399 lifetime | Monthly & yearly options available 🖥️ Platform: Mac, Windows, Chrome extension, web-based app 🆓 Free Trial: Yes, limited features 💡 Tip: Use for both fiction and nonfiction writing 3. Vellum – The Self-Publishing Secret Weapon Formatting used to be the bane of my existence—until I met Vellum. If you’re planning to self-publish, this is the tool. Clean, intuitive, and beautiful results. You can easily preview how your book will look on various devices and make changes in real time. What I love most is how effortlessly it handles both ebook and print formatting. It makes everything look polished, professional, and elegant. The templates are gorgeous, and you can even customize things like scene breaks and chapter headings to suit your aesthetic. It’s Mac-only and does have a price tag, but the time, effort, and professionalism it saves? Absolutely worth it. If you're publishing multiple books or want to have complete control over your presentation, Vellum pays for itself in peace of mind alone. 💸 Cost: $249 (ebook only) or $299 (ebook + print) 🖥️ Platform: Mac only 🆓 Free Trial: Yes, with watermarks 💡 Tip: Preview book layout instantly across devices 4. Reedsy – A Treasure Trove for Writers Last but not least (had to save the best for last), I found Reedsy through a writer friend (Emma, you're a GEM) and I haven’t looked back. From finding professional editors and designers, to their free writing tools, blog posts, and mini-courses—it’s a total gift to writers, especially indie authors. Reedsy is a fantastic place to connect with vetted professionals, and it gave me peace of mind when I was navigating editing and cover design for the first time. They also offer weekly writing prompts where you can submit a short story for a chance to win actual prize money—yes, real $$$ for your creativity! But beyond the marketplace, their free tools are  amazing.  I still use their name generators, worldbuilding prompts, and book title tools all the time. Honestly, Reedsy has more free resources than  most writing blogs —including mine! Their blog is stacked with helpful guides, and their marketplace pros have shared everything from plot structure breakdowns to genre-specific editing advice. It’s a goldmine for writers at  any  stage. 💸 Cost: Free tools & resources | Marketplace prices vary by freelancer 🖥️ Platform: Web-based 🆓 Free Trial: Not applicable—tools are free 💡 Tip: Check out their free courses and writing prompts Concluding Thoughts Finding the right tools can be like discovering superpowers you didn’t know you had. They don't just help you write more—they help you write smarter. Don’t be afraid to try new things, see what works for you, and invest in what supports your creative flow. These four have been my ride-or-dies. From the wild days of emoji-coded chaos to now, I owe a lot of my growth as a writer to them. In the next few posts, I’ll be diving deeper into how I use each one—from tips and tricks to how they fit into my daily process. None of this is sponsored—just real recommendations from a writer who’s tried it all! “If you don’t have time to read, you don’t have the time (or the tools) to write. Simple as that.” — Stephen King, On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft Got a tool you swear by? Let me know in the comments—I’m always down to try something new. Stay tuned! & Happy writing : ) —Bair✍︎ Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

DISCLAIMER: There are some spoilers for the series Throne of Glass by Sarah J. Maas, The Lord of The Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien, and A Game of Thrones by George R.R. Martin. Read at your own risk. Why Characters Matter Most Your protagonist is the lens through which your readers experience the world. A perfectly structured plot means nothing if readers don’t care about who it’s happening to. Compelling characters turn stories into emotional experiences. They evoke empathy, spark curiosity, and ground fantastical or dramatic narratives in deeply human truth. Characters aren’t just players on a stage—they are the soul of your story. Their decisions, doubts, passions, and fears are what bring a narrative to life. Long after a reader forgets the exact sequence of plot events, they will remember the characters who made them feel something. By focusing on character creation early, you lay the emotional and thematic foundation for everything else that follows. A compelling plot without a compelling character is like a body without a heart—it may move, but it doesn’t breathe. That’s why crafting a dynamic, believable protagonist is arguably the most important part of writing a story that lasts. Understanding who your character is, what drives them, and how they evolve will shape your story’s tone, depth, and emotional resonance. Let’s build them from the inside out. Building the Lens: How Your Character Sees the World Every story is filtered through your protagonist’s eyes. Their beliefs, biases, traumas, and values shape how they interpret and react to everything that happens. How do they perceive the world—hopeful, cynical, afraid, curious? What experiences have shaped that worldview? How do they justify their actions to themselves? Their perspective is more than just their opinion—it’s the  filter  through which your entire story will be colored. Is the world unjust or full of potential? Are people generally good or inherently selfish? Whether your story is epic fantasy or contemporary romance, understanding how your character sees the world gives you clarity on tone, theme, and plot. So before you ever sit down to write, consider how your protagonist's perspective influences the story’s tone, moral center, and emotional resonance. Before you write your plot, define  how  your character sees the world—and why they see it that way. In Lesson V , we’ll explore the deeper roots of this lens: the trauma, beliefs, and internalized experiences that shape your character’s worldview, defenses, and inner logic. Then ask: how will that lens shift by the end of the story? What truths will they uncover? What beliefs will they shed—or cling to even tighter? What Makes a Strong, Memorable Character? A strong character doesn’t need to be likable—they need to be  compelling . Memorable protagonists are those who feel real and evoke deep emotion in readers. You don’t need your readers to agree with your character. You need them to understand them. Instead of worrying about whether or not your character is relatable, concern yourself with whether or not they are resonant . Wants vs. Needs:  What they think they want vs. what they actually need to grow. Flaws & Contradictions:  Real humans are messy. So are the best characters. Strengths & Passions:  What makes them admirable, interesting, or unique. Agency:  They make choices—especially difficult or morally gray ones. Arc Potential:  They need room to change, evolve, or unravel. Don’t be afraid to give your character complexity. Let them be angry. Let them be selfish, insecure, idealistic, stubborn—just make sure those traits stem from something meaningful. Great characters often carry emotional wounds and wrestle with impossible decisions. These moments of tension become the heartbeats of your story. The Four Selves: Inner vs. Outer Identity Understanding the Four Selves— Social , Personal , Core , and Hidden —helps you create characters that feel deeply real. Each layer reflects a different aspect of identity, and the friction between them generates emotional depth, inner conflict, and powerful arcs. These layered identities within characters create tension and opportunity for growth: The Social Self  – How they present themselves to the world The Personal Self  – How they see themselves privately The Core Self  – Their values, fears, and emotional truth The Hidden Self  – What they don’t acknowledge, avoid, or repress The Social Self The Social Self is the face your character wears in front of others. It’s shaped by societal expectations, relationships, reputation, and the need to belong. This version of your character is curated, controlled, and often performative. Whether it’s a sarcastic mask, a noble persona, or a ruthless front, it’s not necessarily false—but it’s not the whole truth either. Ask: How do they want to be seen? What image do they protect? The Personal Self This is how your character sees themselves when no one else is watching. It includes their conscious identity: strengths, flaws, self-worth, and inner dialogue. The Personal Self can differ wildly from the Social Self—someone confident in public may feel uncertain or inadequate in private. It’s honest, but still incomplete, often shaped by ego, memory, and bias. Ask: Who do they think they are—and what truths do they avoid? The Core Self The Core Self is the emotional root system—your character’s rawest fears, values, needs, and instincts. This is who they really  are at their most unguarded, and what drives their deepest motivations. It’s the seat of their empathy, shame, desire, and resilience. Revealing the Core Self over time makes a character’s growth resonate more profoundly. Ask: What do they need to feel whole? What pain do they carry? The Hidden Self This self is buried even deeper—made of the things your character doesn’t acknowledge or may not even be aware of. Repressed trauma, shameful desires, or forbidden beliefs live here. The Hidden Self is powerful because it leaks out in unexpected ways: self-sabotage, projection, or moral conflict. Bringing this self into the light is often the climax of their arc. Ask: What truths would devastate them if exposed? What do they deny at all costs? As characters navigate challenges, these selves come into conflict or alignment. Personal arcs often stem from the protagonist discovering, confronting, or integrating these layers. Growth doesn’t happen all at once—it happens when these selves collide, crumble, or reassemble. The more tension that exists between the selves, the more potential your character has to grow. Use this internal friction to create emotionally charged moments that drive change. Character Archetypes & Subversions Use archetypes to understand character roles—but avoid clichés. Ask: how can I give this archetype unexpected depth or direction? Can I combine two archetypes? Can I invert the expectations? Think about how you might be able to subvert the archetypes: What if your Hero is selfish? Your Mentor deeply flawed? Your Trickster is the only honest one? Archetypes are patterns, not boxes. They’re tools you can use or break: The Hero  – The brave figure who embarks on a journey or quest, facing trials and growing into their potential. Defined by courage, action, and transformation. Core trait: bravery in the face of adversity. The Caregiver  – Nurturing, compassionate, and self-sacrificing, the Caregiver seeks to protect and support others—often at a cost to themselves. Core trait: selflessness and loyalty. The Rebel  – Challenges authority, breaks rules, and disrupts the status quo. The Rebel seeks freedom or justice, often driven by anger, trauma, or idealism. Core trait: defiance and a desire for change. The Trickster  – Clever, chaotic, and unpredictable, the Trickster uses wit, deception, or humor to manipulate or reveal hidden truths. Core trait: cleverness and disruption. The Lover  – Driven by connection, passion, and devotion, the Lover seeks meaningful relationships—romantic or otherwise—and fears isolation or loss. Core trait: emotional depth and desire for intimacy. The Outsider  – Doesn’t fit into their world and often exists on the margins of society. The Outsider is observant, independent, and sometimes alienated—but offers unique insight. Core trait: isolation and perspective. The Mentor  – A guiding figure who offers wisdom, protection, or training to others. Often experienced, world-weary, or nearing the end of their own journey. Core trait: wisdom and guidance. A well-used archetype feels familiar but fresh. It connects to universal storytelling but still makes room for surprise and individuality. Exercise: Pick an archetype and write a scene where they behave in an unexpected way. Backstory: The Emotional Core Backstory isn’t about pages of exposition—it’s about subtly weaving emotional cause and effect. It’s the emotional architecture of your character. Their past holds the soul scars  that quietly dictate how they love, fear, grieve, trust, dream, or run. Because it’s not just about what happened—it’s about how it shaped them. Use backstory to inform behavior, shape motivation, and deepen stakes. Remember, your character’s past isn't just filler—it’s the emotional soil they’re growing from. Ask Yourself: What are the defining moments that shaped them? What belief did they adopt to survive? What childhood beliefs or experiences still affect them? What moment fractured their sense of self? What memory do they try to bury? What memory keeps them going? Remember: Readers don’t need to know everything. But  you  should. The more you understand where your character came from, the more grounded and believable their actions will be. In the next lesson, we’ll go even deeper into this terrain, exploring how trauma, core wounds, and unmet needs create the emotional logic  that drives everything your character does. Desires, Fears & Contradictions Desires and fears don’t just sit side by side—they tangle . What your character wants most often threatens what they fear most. The more they chase their goal, the more likely they are to run into the very thing they’re avoiding. This is where contradiction  lives: the hero who fears failure but self-sabotages success, the rebel who craves belonging but pushes people away. These inner tensions are the soul of character-driven fiction. In Lesson V , we’ll look at where these conflicting forces come from—and how they’re often born of unhealed wounds. Things To Keep In Mind While Creating Characters: Desire:  What do they think they want—and why do they want it? Fear:  What are they running from emotionally, physically, or spiritually? Contradictions:  Where are they at odds with themselves? Characters who want something desperately but are terrified of getting it? That’s juicy. Contradictions make characters feel alive—and set up emotional stakes for growth. Even the most heroic character should struggle with fear, doubt, or internal sabotage. Those layered emotions create a compelling inner journey. Physicality & Presence Your character’s body speaks before their words do. A clenched jaw, a worn-down heel, an untouched plate of food—all of it tells us who they are. Physical presence can project dominance or disappear into silence. Their posture might carry pride—or the weight of shame. Don’t just describe what they look like. Show how their body holds memory. Where do they carry stress? How do they shrink themselves? When do they lean forward with hunger or hesitate with fear?  Physicality gives you a secret language to show emotion without saying a word. How your character exists in their body tells the reader a lot: How do they walk, speak, gesture? Do they dominate or disappear? What are their physical habits—eye contact, nervous tics, posture? Clothing, grooming, accessories: do they express or mask something? Body language is a form of subtext. The confident politician might wring their hands when no one’s looking. The hardened assassin might touch a token from their childhood. These details create authenticity, and they’re a great way to show rather than tell. You can show a character’s confidence, exhaustion, rage, or insecurity before they say a single word. Physicality becomes voice—and presence becomes mood. Voice & Dialogue Dialogue is character. Every line should express voice, worldview, and emotional state. Consider what your character won’t say as much as what they will. Silence can be just as revealing as speech. Remember, voice isn’t just how  a character speaks—it’s how they see the world . What words do they choose? What do they never say? A character raised in a strict household might speak with precision and apology; a streetwise survivor might cut to the chase with slang and grit. Dialogue is where belief systems leak out—through avoidance, sarcasm, repetition, or silence. Don’t just focus on clever lines. Let your dialogue reveal wounds, identities, and power dynamics. Let your characters interrupt, ramble, evade, confess. Let them lie. Real people don’t speak in perfect prose—your characters shouldn’t either. Things To Consider: Tone, rhythm, vocabulary: Where are they from? How educated are they? Are they guarded or impulsive? What do they say vs. what they mean? Character Introduction Techniques The first time we meet your character should tell us something essential— even if they don’t know it yet.  Show us a contradiction: someone confident in a moment of doubt, or someone overlooked doing something extraordinary. You don’t need a flashy action scene—what matters is emotional context. Let the first impression plant a question in the reader’s mind. Why did they do that? What are they hiding?  That curiosity is what creates instant emotional investment. Things To Keep In Mind: First impressions matter—how and when you introduce your protagonist sets the tone. Use action, contrast, or mystery to immediately hook the reader. Show something unique or emotionally resonant about them. An unforgettable character introduction doesn’t need to be dramatic. It needs to be revealing. Even quiet scenes can leave a lasting impression. What does your character do the first time we meet them? What choice do they make—or fail to make? Relationship Mirrors & Foils Every relationship your protagonist has should reveal something  about them. Mirrors show what your character can’t yet see—foils show what they could  become if they made different choices. Think: the rule-follower paired with the rebel, the idealist paired with the cynic. These pairings reflect values, fears, and temptations. A foil can expose the worst in your character—or challenge them to grow. A mirror can help them see themselves clearly… or shatter their illusion. These dynamics create emotional stakes beyond plot . Quick Definition: Mirrors: Characters who reflect or echo aspects of the protagonist Foils: Characters who contrast to highlight flaws, strengths, or choices Relationships aren’t just side plots. They’re pressure points. They expose hypocrisy, heal trauma, complicate motives, or fuel change. Don’t just build a protagonist—build the people who shape them. Think about who your character loves, hates, envies, or needs. These dynamics offer endless material for development and emotional payoff. Character in Conflict Conflict isn’t just about obstacle—it’s about exposure . Pressure strips away performance. When your character is forced to make a choice, it reveals what they truly value. Will they protect themselves or someone else? Fight or freeze? Conflict forces your character to confront the gap between who they think  they are and who they actually  are. These are the crucible moments where real growth begins—or unraveling takes root. And in Lesson V, we’ll dig into the subconscious why  behind those reactions. Things To Keep In Mind: What breaks your protagonist’s mask? How do they react under pressure? Who do they become? Use external events to reveal internal truths. Throw your character into a situation that forces them to act outside their comfort zone. Let their choices tell us who they are, not just their words. Stress, danger, heartbreak—these are moments when your character’s truth leaks out. Don’t protect your protagonist from pain—use it to peel back their layers. Torture the f*ckers like the sadistic writer you are. Case Study: Aelin Galathynius from  Throne of Glass Now that we've gotten this far, let’s bring these ideas to life with a character who embodies complexity, contradiction, and emotional evolution. Case studies can help illustrate how layered characterization unfolds across a story. One powerful example comes from Sarah J. Maas’s Throne of Glass  series. Understanding the Four Selves—Social, Personal, Core, and Hidden—can help you craft multidimensional characters. Each layer reveals a different facet of your protagonist, and the tension between them drives internal conflict. When these identities clash or shift, your character grows—and your story deepens. Aelin Galathynius Character Deep-Dive Wants:  Freedom, revenge, and control over her destiny. Needs:  Vulnerability, trust, and acceptance of her identity. Contradictions:  A powerful assassin who hides deep emotional wounds; proud and guarded, yet self-sacrificing and fiercely loyal. Voice:  Bold, sarcastic, confident—often masking pain or uncertainty. Four Selves: Social: Fearless assassin and queen-in-hiding. Personal: Lonely, angry, burdened by loss. Core: Protective, passionate, and unwilling to break her promises. Hidden: A young girl who fears being unloved or unworthy of her crown. Aelin’s arc is about more than reclaiming a throne—it’s about reconciling the parts of herself she tried to bury. Her struggle with identity, loss, and self-worth creates emotional stakes as high as the political ones. Her resilience and defiance make her unforgettable—but it’s her moments of vulnerability that give her story its heart. Scene Breakdown: Aelin in  Heir of Fire One of the most emotionally pivotal scenes in the series comes when Aelin trains with Rowan in  Heir of Fire , finally breaking down and revealing the full depth of her grief over Nehemia’s death. For chapters, she lashes out and fights emotionally and physically. But in this moment, when her emotional dam finally breaks, we see the hidden self—a young woman wracked with guilt, trauma, and a desperate desire for forgiveness and healing. This scene marks a turning point in her arc. Vulnerability becomes strength, and it deepens her bond with Rowan. It also reframes the reader’s understanding of her earlier anger and aloofness, transforming her from a fierce fighter into a fully realized, emotionally layered character. Her internal growth mirrors her external training and lays the foundation for the queen she is becoming. Case Study: Frodo Baggins from  The Lord of the Rings Let’s look at another well-known and beloved character who also embodies complexity and emotional evolution: Frodo Baggins from The Lord of The Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien. Frodo Baggins Character Deep-Dive Wants:  To return home and live a peaceful, simple life. Needs:  To find courage, endurance, and spiritual strength beyond his comfort zone. Contradictions:  Humble and reluctant, yet chosen to carry immense responsibility; loyal but tempted by power. Voice:  Thoughtful, quiet, and sincere—often conflicted by burden and duty. Four Selves: Social: The Shire’s gentle hobbit. Personal: A fearful but determined soul unsure of his ability to succeed. Core: Deeply loyal, self-sacrificing, and morally grounded. Hidden: A growing sense of inner darkness and the slow corruption of the Ring’s power. Frodo’s arc isn’t about conquering others—it’s about  enduring suffering  without losing himself. His resistance to the Ring’s power, especially as it begins to fracture his spirit, shows how internal and external conflict work in tandem. His quiet bravery lies not in grand speeches or sword fights, but in persistence, compassion, and emotional weight. Scene Breakdown: Frodo at Mount Doom In the final moments at Mount Doom, Frodo stands on the precipice—literally and spiritually. Instead of destroying the Ring, he claims it. This heartbreaking moment reveals how the Ring has gnawed at his Hidden Self and how even the most virtuous heart can be worn down by prolonged trauma. His choice—and Gollum’s intervention—reminds us that  the core of a character arc can be tragic and unresolved , and yet still meaningful. Case Study: Arya Stark from  A Game of Thrones Another icon character to study is Arya Stark from A Game of Thrones : Arya Stark Character Deep-Dive Wants:  Revenge, justice, and survival. Needs:  To rediscover her identity, rebuild connection, and reclaim humanity. Contradictions:  Cold and detached assassin with a strong moral compass; craves freedom but longs for family. Voice:  Blunt, guarded, and observant—always reading others and staying sharp. Four Selves: Social: Faceless killer, water dancer, Stark girl in disguise. Personal: A lonely child desperate to avenge her family. Core: Resilient, empathetic, and fiercely loyal to her own code of justice. Hidden: A traumatized girl afraid she’s lost herself beyond repair. Arya’s journey is a study in  identity fragmentation . Her training to become “no one” is, ironically, what forces her to decide who she truly is. Her story is full of reinvention, withdrawal, and hard-won emotional reawakening. Scene Breakdown: Arya Rejects the Faceless Men When Arya refuses to kill the actress Lady Crane in Season 6, she draws a line: she is not a mindless killer. This choice reclaims her  Core Self , even if it puts her life at risk. She begins as a girl shaped by vengeance but ends as someone who can make space for softness, honor, and personal truth. Her arc teaches us that reclaiming identity can be just as powerful as transformation. Writing Exercise: Character Questionnaire Flesh out your protagonist using the questions below, which draw from multiple levels of their identity, psychology, and past. These are the exact questions I use when fleshing out my own characters—designed to help you create someone emotionally real, richly layered, and compelling enough to carry an entire story. Whether you’re planning a standalone novel or a sprawling series, this is where your character’s depth begins. Blank Character Sheet Questionnaire Sign up for my newsletter and get instant access to a free downloadable version of this Character Questionnaire—perfect for your next story or series! INSERT YOUR CHARACTER'S PORTRAIT HERE Basics Full Name: Nicknames: Age: Occupation: Current Home: Situation: How do they enter this story? Motivation: What do they want? Favorite Quote/Saying/Thing To Say: Biggest Strength Biggest Issue? Strongest Trait: Misbelief: What is their misbelief about the world or themselves? Behavior Personality: Habits: Ambitions/Short & Long Term Goals: Ambition Short Term Goal(s) Long-Term Goal(s) What are they dissatisfied with in their life? What do they believe will bring them true happiness and contentment? What definitive step could they take to turn their dream into a reality How has their fear kept them from taking this action already? How do they feel they can accomplish their goal while still steering clear of the the thing their afraid of? What do they want? What stands in their way? What happens went hey don’t get it? Greatest Fear(s): Phobias: Biggest Secret(s): Social Skills: Interior Talents: Background Home: Important History: Family:   Friends, Acquaintances, & Colleagues: Finances: Education: Physical Health & Mental Health: Religion: Romantic/Sexual Preference: Interest & Hobbies: Appearance & Physicality Height Body Type Skin Tone/Ethnicity/Species Hair: Facial Description: Prominent/Distinguishing Features: Dress: Mannerism: Physical Talents: Speech Normal Tone: Language or Accent: Favorite Phrases: Filled-Out Example Character Sheet Questionnaire BADASS PHOTO OF ARYA HERE Basics Full Name:  Arya Stark Nicknames:  Arry, No One, Little Wolf Age:  9 (start of story) – 18 (end of series) Occupation:  Former noble → assassin-in-training → warrior Current Home:  Nomadic; returns to Winterfell Situation:  She enters the story as a tomboyish noble girl who rejects traditional gender roles and expectations of being “a lady.” Motivation:  Initially, revenge. Ultimately, freedom and self-definition. Favorite Quote/Saying/Thing To Say:  “A girl has no name.” Biggest Strength:  Resourcefulness and adaptability Biggest Issue:  Emotional detachment and suppressed trauma Strongest Trait:  Fierce independence Misbelief:   To survive, I must become emotionless and alone. Behavior Personality:  Blunt, observant, independent, calculating; guarded but deeply loyal beneath the surface Habits:  Sleeps with a weapon, scans every room for exits, rarely speaks unless necessary Ambitions/Short & Long Term Goals: Short-Term:  Avenge her family & complete her kill list Long-Term:  Discover who she is beyond vengeance & reclaim her identity and purpose beyond violence What are they dissatisfied with in their life?  The chaos, injustice, and lack of control she’s endured since childhood What do they believe will bring them true happiness and contentment?  Finishing her list—or finding a place where she belongs again What definitive step could they take to turn their dream into a reality?  Let go of the list, return home, and reconnect with her remaining family How has their fear kept them from taking this action already?  She fears that connection makes her weak, and that letting go means losing her edge How do they feel they can accomplish their goal while still steering clear of the thing they’re afraid of?  By staying emotionally distant and telling herself she’s “no one” What do they want?  Control, revenge, closure What stands in their way?  Her own internal conflict and repressed trauma What happens when they don’t get it?  She risks becoming truly hollow, emotionally numb, and disconnected from her humanity Greatest Fear(s):  Losing herself completely / not being able to return to who she was Phobias:  Powerlessness and being confined Biggest Secret(s):  Sometimes she enjoys the kill; she doesn’t know who she is without vengeance Social Skills:  Witty when she chooses to be, but often guarded and quiet Interior Talents:  High emotional intelligence, strategy, memory for detail Background Home:  Winterfell, House Stark Important History:  Saw her father beheaded; witnessed family and allies fall one by one; trained with Faceless Men in Braavos Family:  Closest to Jon, deeply affected by her father Ned’s honor; conflicted but loyal to Sansa Friends, Acquaintances, & Colleagues:  Gendry, The Hound, Jaqen H’ghar, Lady Crane Finances:  Varied—grew up noble but lived as a beggar, a thief, and an assassin Education:  Trained in swordsmanship, languages, poisons, stealth, theater, and death Physical Health & Mental Health:  Physically agile and strong; mentally resilient but emotionally fractured Religion:  Old Gods / a vague belief in justice and death as a force Romantic/Sexual Preference:  Hinted attraction to Gendry, but largely emotionally withdrawn and guarded Interests & Hobbies:  Swordplay, spying, disguise, stories of warrior women Appearance & Physicality Height:  Short Body Type:  Slim, wiry, agile Skin Tone/Ethnicity/Species:  Pale skin, Northern Westerosi (white human) Hair:  Dark brown, often cropped or hidden Facial Description:  Sharp, intense eyes, lean features, a hardened expression Prominent/Distinguishing Features:  Stillness, intensity, presence beyond her size Dress:  Simple, practical, often in disguise or dark colors Mannerism:  Still, quiet; always alert; stares long and hard before speaking Physical Talents:  Stealth, agility, swordsmanship, endurance, pain tolerance Speech Normal Tone:  Low, blunt, often cold or dry Language or Accent:  Northern accent, flattened from time abroad Favorite Phrases:  “Stick them with the pointy end.” / “A girl has no name.” It's totally okay if you can't fill it out completely at the start! Use what is only most necessary for you and your story. As you discover more of your story, the character will tell you more and more about themself. Challenge yourself to answer each question in the character’s voice—not yours. You don’t need to include every detail in your story, but  knowing  these details will add depth and consistency to how your character shows up on the page. Reflective Prompt: What do you love most about your protagonist—and what scares you about writing them? Take a moment to journal about the emotional connection you have to your character. What parts of you do they reflect? What parts of you do they challenge? Do they force you to face something uncomfortable? That’s usually a sign you’re writing something powerful. Common Mistakes in Character Creation One of the most common pitfalls is creating a character who feels too perfect, too passive, or too plot-serving. Too Mary Sue. Characters without flaws, contradictions, or personal stakes often fall flat—even if they’re doing exciting things. Another mistake is confusing backstory for depth; dumping facts isn’t the same as showing emotional truth. Great characters aren’t built on aesthetics or archetypes alone—they’re shaped by inner conflict, active choices, and the consequences of who they are. 1. The Character Exists to Serve the Plot The Problem:  Your character only reacts to external events without clear internal motivations. Avoid It:  Build the character  first—what they want, fear, and believe. Fix It:  Rework scenes so their choices drive  events, even when they fail or backfire. 2. Too Perfect, Too Passive, or Too Flat The Problem:  The character lacks flaws, contradictions, or emotional texture. Avoid It:  Start with a wound  or fear , not just goals and traits. Fix It:  Add a contradiction—something they do that undermines what they say or believe. 3. Backstory Overload The Problem:  You’re dumping backstory in the first chapter—or relying on it for emotional depth. Avoid It:  Know the backstory, but reveal it slowly  through character choices and emotional moments. Fix It:  Use dialogue, symbolism, or subtle flashbacks to reveal only what’s emotionally relevant in the moment. 4. Voice Doesn’t Match Personality The Problem:  Every character sounds the same—or doesn’t sound like the person you’ve described. Avoid It:  Think about education level, emotional tone, and worldview when writing dialogue. Fix It:  Read dialogue aloud. Does it sound like them ? Adjust rhythm, vocabulary, and silence as needed. 5. Static or Rushed Arc The Problem:  Your character changes too quickly—or not at all. Avoid It:  Character change should be earned  through struggle, resistance, and turning points. Fix It:  Identify 3–4 emotional milestones in the arc. Rewrite scenes to build naturally toward them. 6. No Emotional Stakes The Problem:  We know what they’re doing, but not why it matters  to them. Avoid It:  Link external goals to internal needs, fears, or memories. Fix It:  Ask: What emotional risk are they taking in this scene?  Add pressure, doubt, or vulnerability. Further Reading  & Writing Resources Want to dive deeper? These resources expand on today’s lesson and help you apply what you’ve learned: What Your Character Thinks They Want vs. What They Actually Need  – Dive deeper into the emotional tension between desire and need. This post unpacks how this dynamic drives character arcs and adds weight to internal conflict. Mastering Dialogue In 3 Easy Steps  – Learn how to make your characters sound real,   distinct,  and emotionally alive . This guide breaks down voice, subtext, and rhythm with actionable tips. POV 101: Understanding Narrative Perspectives in Storytelling  – Explore how different points of view shape storytelling—and how choosing the right POV can enhance character depth and emotional connection. Writing Exercise & Homework You've just built the foundation of your protagonist—now it's time to bring them to life. Using the character you've created with the questionnaire, write a scene (500–1000 words) that introduces them in a way that reveals their personality, flaws, and inner conflict without telling the reader directly. Focus on voice, physical presence, and how they interact with the world. Bonus:  Include a moment of internal contradiction—a choice they make that goes against what they say they believe. Concluding Thoughts Creating a compelling protagonist is more than filling out traits or backstory—it's about shaping a living, breathing lens through which your story is told. When your character has contradictions, agency, and emotional truth, everything else in your story has the chance to resonate more deeply. Give them depth, challenge them, and let them surprise you. That’s where the magic is. Next Steps In the next lesson, we’ll explore  The Psychology of Character —what drives your protagonist, what wounds they carry, and how understanding psychology deepens character arcs and emotional payoff. Carpe scripturam! —Bair✍︎ 🔜 Next Up: Lesson V – The Psychology of Character: How To Write Believable Characters Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! 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Why Conflict is the Heart of Storytelling Every compelling story is built on  conflict —without it, there’s no tension, no stakes, and no reason for readers to stay invested. Conflict challenges characters, forces them to grow, and gives a story momentum. It's not just about plot twists or obstacles—conflict is what reveals a character’s true nature. It pushes them to make difficult choices, take risks, and confront their own flaws and fears. Conflict is the driving force that gives a story purpose. It creates the emotional highs and lows that keep readers engaged, breathlessly flipping through pages to see what happens next. Without conflict, even the most beautifully written story can feel static or lifeless. But with strong, intentional conflict—especially when both internal and external forces are at play—a story can become rich, gripping, and unforgettable. Understanding  internal vs. external conflict  is essential for writers who want to build stories with depth and emotional resonance. By learning how these forces interact, you'll be able to layer your storytelling with complexity and tension, crafting narratives that speak to the heart of the human experience. resonant narratives that keep readers engaged. External Conflict: The Obstacles Outside the Character What is External Conflict? External conflict arises from outside forces preventing a character from achieving their goal. These forces create immediate, visible obstacles that drive the plot forward. Types of External Conflict: Character vs. Character:  Rivalries, antagonists, power struggles (ex: Harry vs. Voldemort in Harry Potter). Character vs. Society:  Oppression, rebellion, unjust systems (ex: Katniss vs. The Capitol in The Hunger Games). Character vs. Nature:  Survival against the elements (ex: Mark Watney vs. Mars in The Martian). Character vs. Fate/Supernatural:  Gods, prophecy, destiny (ex: Achilles vs. his fate in The Iliad). Character vs. Technology:  AI, cybernetic threats (ex: The resistance vs. Skynet in Terminator). Why External Conflict Matters: Creates plot momentum—it’s what keeps things happening in a story. Provides clear stakes—the audience knows what’s at risk. Forces characters to act, revealing who they are through their choic es. Mini Exercise:  Identify a story where the external conflict is clear. What makes it compelling? Internal Conflict: The Battle Within What is Internal Conflict? Internal conflict is the emotional, psychological, or moral struggle within a character. It’s what makes a character feel real, relatable, and emotionally compelling. Types of Internal Conflict: Doubt & Fear:  Can the character overcome self-doubt? (ex: Frodo’s fear of the Ring’s power in The Lord of the Rings). Moral Dilemmas:  Right vs. wrong, duty vs. desire (ex: Hamlet’s indecision in Hamlet). Identity Crisis:  Who am I really? (ex: Mulan struggling with her identity in Mulan). Repressed Emotions:  Running from grief, love, or guilt (ex: The Mandalorian’s fear of connection in The Mandalorian). Why Internal Conflict Matters: It makes characters multidimensional—real people have inner struggles. Deepens reader investment by making the audience emotionally connected. It allows for meaningful character growth—overcom ing internal struggles is often the real “win” in a story. Mini Exercise:  Think of a character you love—what’s their  internal  struggle? Balancing Internal & External Conflict Character-Driven vs. Plot-Driven Stories One way to understand the role of conflict in storytelling is to consider whether your story is  character-driven  or  plot-driven —or both . Character-driven stories focus on the protagonist’s internal world: their emotions, struggles, relationships, and growth. The external events exist primarily to serve the character's inner journey. (Ex: Normal People, The Catcher in the Rye) Plot-driven stories emphasize external events and actions. The pacing is fast, the stakes are high, and the plot often drives the characters’ choices more than their internal states. ( Ex: The Da Vinci Code, Jurassic Park ) Most stories exist somewhere in between. Knowing which side your story leans toward can help you emphasize the right kind of conflict. How to Balance Internal & External Stakes To create emotionally satisfying and engaging stories, it’s essential to balance  internal and external stakes : Ask yourself:  What does my character want? What’s stopping them? What do they fear? External stakes often involve danger, time limits, social consequences, or survival. Internal stakes are emotional : fear of failure, loss of identity, the weight of regret, or longing for love. If the character fails, what will they lose on the outside —and what will it cost them on the inside ? Mini Exercise:  Pick one of your favorite books or movies. Identify the  internal conflict , the  external conflict , and how they intertwine. Do the internal and external stakes rise together? How Internal & External Conflict Work Together The most powerful stories blend both internal and external conflict. A well-crafted story ensures that what happens externally impacts the internal journey, and vic e versa. Examples of Conflict Blending: The Hunger Games:  Katniss battles  external  threats (The Capitol, survival) while facing  internal  struggles (guilt, trauma, emotional repression). Spider-Man:  Peter Parker must fight  external  villains while wrestling with  internal  struggles about responsibility and identity. Pride and Prejudice:  Elizabeth Bennet’s  external  conflict (society’s expectations) mirrors her  internal  conflict (overcoming pride and prejudice to find love). Tips for Strong Conflict Balance: Link them together:  The external conflict should force the character to confront their internal struggle. Escalate both at once:  As the stakes in the external conflict rise, the internal conflict should intensify as well. Make the resolution meaningful:  The story climax should resolve both external and internal conflicts for a satisfying ending. Mini Exercise:  Brainstorm a story idea where both  internal & external  conflicts are intertwined. Conflict Evolves Over Time Conflict shouldn’t remain static. A compelling story allows both internal and external conflicts to grow, twist, or even reverse as the protagonist changes. What starts as a fear of failure might become a fear of success. An external threat might turn into a personal betrayal. These shifts add tension and depth, keeping the reader invested in how the character will adapt—or fall apart—under pressure. Let your conflict breathe and transform as your story unfolds. Common Conflict Mistakes to Watch For Even the most promising story ideas can fall flat if the conflict isn’t handled with care. A common mistake is keeping the conflict too surface-level—where external obstacles exist, but don’t challenge the character emotionally. Or the internal struggle is stated once and never truly explored or shown through action. Some stories resolve plot events in the climax but leave the emotional arc incomplete, which can make the resolution feel hollow. Strong storytelling requires conflict that’s meaningful, layered, and fully resolved on both levels. Looking Ahead: Connecting to Character Motivation Internal conflict often stems from deeper drives: unmet needs, core wounds, past traumas, or conflicting desires. These roots are explored in more depth in  Lesson V: The Psychology of Character . For now, keep in mind that every strong internal conflict is powered by something your character  wants … and something they fear they’ll never get. Reflective Prompt: What personal internal or external conflict have  you  faced in your life—and how might that shape a story worth telling? Example Response to Reflective Prompt: When I was a teenager, I struggled with perfectionism. Externally, this looked like overachieving in school and saying “yes” to everything. Internally, though, I was constantly afraid of failure and convinced that my worth depended on being the best. If I were to turn that into a story, I might write a character who’s offered their dream opportunity—but only if they betray their values or hurt someone they care about. The external conflict (career vs. relationships) would mirror their internal one (worth vs. self-compassion), creating a layered, emotional arc rooted in something deeply personal. Further Reading & Writing Resources Want to dive deeper? These resources expand on today’s lesson and help you apply what you’ve learned: The War Within vs. The Battle Outside  – Want a more thorough understanding of internal vs external conflict? This blog post goes even further into unpacking the key differences between internal and external conflict, offering powerful in-depth examples and insight into why both are essential to crafting a compelling narrative. Story vs. Plot: The Heart & Bones of Your Novel  – Discover how plot (what happens) and story (why it matters emotionally) work together and understand how to structure your novel by distinguishing the emotional journey from the external events. This post will help you create stories that not only entertain but resonate on a deeper level. Scene Cards for Internal & External Conflict  – A practical tool designed to help you plan and track the emotional and plot-based progression of each scene. Use these cards to ensure every moment pushes your character forward—both internally and externally. Writing Exercises Now that you have a basic understanding of how internal and external conflicts shape character journeys and drive story momentum, it’s time to apply what you’ve learned. The following exercises will help you explore conflict in your own storytelling and deepen your characters’ struggles on the page. Exercise #1: Analyze Your Favorites Pick a favorite book or movie. What is the protagonist’s external conflict? What is their internal conflict? How do these two conflicts influence each other? Bonus:  Identify a moment when the internal and external conflict collide. Exercise #2: Internal vs. External: Split a Character’s Arc Choose or create a character and complete the following: Goal:  What do they want? (External conflict) Flaw or Fear:  What holds them back emotionally? (Internal conflict) Obstacle:  What outside force prevents them from getting what they want? Climax Moment:  When the internal and external conflict must be faced at once. Exercise #3: Write a Scene of Conflict (300–500 words) Write a scene in which your character is: Facing an external challenge (e.g., an argument, a chase, a deadline) Simultaneously struggling with an internal issue (e.g., fear, guilt, insecurity) Focus on how the inner turmoil influences their choices or reactions. Exercise #4: Turn an External Problem Inward Take one of the following external conflict scenarios and rewrite it to center on an internal conflict: A soldier caught behind enemy lines A student failing their final exam A hero discovering they’ve been betrayed How can you shift the focus to what’s happening inside the character—emotionally, morally, or psychologically? Exercise #5: Map the Conflict Arc Draw or list the progression of conflict in a story idea or WIP: Inciting Incident:  What kicks off the external conflict? Emotional Disruption:  How does this create internal conflict? Rising Action:  How do both escalate side-by-side? Climax:  When are both resolved or confronted? Aftermath:  How has the character changed emotio nally? Concluding Thoughts Conflict is the engine of storytelling—without it, there’s no reason for a reader to keep turning pages. A well-balanced blend of internal and external conflict creates depth, tension, and emotional stakes that keep readers engaged. Chall enge: Write a scene where a character’s internal conflict clashes with an external one. How does their inner struggle affect th eir choices in the face of an external obstacle? Next Steps: Use conflict to  increase stakes , tension , and emotional payoff  in your writing. Let the friction between internal and external pressures shape how your character evolves—and how the story unfolds. In the next lesson, we’ll turn our focus to  character creation. Because no matter how perfectly structured your scenes are, they won’t matter without a protagonist worth following. We’ll explore how to shape the lens through which your character views the world—a lens that becomes the very foundation of your story. Carpe scripturam! —Bair✍︎ 🔜  Next Up: Lesson IV – Character Creation: Bringing Your Protagonist (Therefore Your Story) To Life Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! INSTAGRAM  | LINKEDIN  | PINTEREST Check out My Writer & Reader Merch Store Like this post? Share the link on your social media or pin the image below to your Pinterest board !

Why Genre & Story Type Matter Every story fits into a  genre , whether it's filled with magic, unraveling mysteries, or exploring the human condition. Understanding genre helps writers create stronger narratives, meet reader expectations, and refine their unique voice in storytelling. But genre is only part of the equation—stories also follow archetypal structures that have existed for centuries. Knowing these patterns can help you shape your ideas into compelling narratives while also finding ways to twist and subvert expectations. Many aspiring writers struggle to choose a genre or worry about being confined to one. The truth is, genre is a tool, not a restriction. It provides a  framework  but doesn’t dictate the creativity within it. A strong grasp of genre allows you to understand the kind of stories you want to tell and how to tell them in a way that resonates with readers. Choosing a genre can also help establish your  writing identity . Readers come to expect certain themes and tones from an author’s work, and while it’s completely fine to experiment, having a strong genre foundation can create a sense of familiarity and anticipation in your audience. Even multi-genre authors often have signature elements that tie their works together. In this lesson, we’ll break down major fiction genres, classic story structures, and how to blend and break the rules of storytelling. By the end, you’ll have a clearer understanding of where your writing fits—and how to make it stand out. Overview of Major Fiction Genres, Story Structure & Reader Expectations Genre choice impacts not only the themes and tone of a story but also its  structure and pacing . Different genres have different expectations for how a story unfolds, how tension is built, and how conflicts are resolved. Understanding these structural differences can help you craft a more engaging narrative that meets reader expectations while allowing room for creativity. How Genre Affects Story Structure Fantasy & Science Fiction  – Often follows an  epic journey  structure with a hero facing trials, learning new skills, and ultimately confronting a major conflict. These stories tend to have detailed worldbuilding and may incorporate multi-book arcs. Mystery & Thriller  – Typically structured around  discovery and revelation , with key plot points leading to a climax where the mystery is solved . Twists and red herrings are essential. Romance  – Follows a  relationship-driven arc , often including a meet-cute, growing attraction, a moment of crisis, and a satisfying resolution (usually a happy ending). Horror  – Built on  escalating tension and fear , often using a slow build to an intense climax, with dread lingering throughout the story. Comedy  – Often has a  looser, more episodic structure , with humor driving the pacing and character interactions. Historical Fiction & Literary Fiction  – Focused on character exploration and thematic depth, often allowing for non-linear storytelling or multiple perspectives. How Genre Shapes Reader Expectations Readers come into a book with certain expectations based on genre. If you’re writing in a genre, it’s helpful to understand what readers  anticipate —and where you have room to surprise them. Fantasy Readers Expect:  Rich worldbuilding, magic systems, and hero’s journeys. Mystery Readers Expect:  Puzzles to solve, clues, and a logical resolution. Romance Readers Expect:  Emotional development, romantic tension, and a satisfying ending. Thriller Readers Expect:  Fast pacing, suspense, and life-or-death stakes. Horror Readers Expect:  A sense of unease, supernatural or psychological elements, and a chilling resolution. Science Fiction Readers Expect:  Thought-provoking speculation, futuristic technology, and exploration of “what if” scenarios. By understanding these expectations, you can  satisfy readers while still subverting tropes  to keep your story fresh and engaging. Mini Exercise:  Pick a genre that interests you and brainstorm a story premise that fits its typical structure. What elements will you include to meet reader expectations? How will you add your unique twist? There are countless subgenres, but most stories fall into a  core genre  that shapes the mood, themes, and style of storytelling. Below are some of the most common genres in fiction, along with key elements that define them and reader expectations: Fantasy  – Magic, myth, and otherworldly settings. (Examples: The Lord of the Rings, The Name of the Wind ) Readers expect mythology, supernatural forces, and immersive worldbuilding. High fantasy often includes epic adventures, while low fantasy integrates magic into everyday life. Subgenres include dark fantasy, portal fantasy, and fairytale retellings. Science Fiction  – Technology, space, futuristic speculation. (Examples:  Dune, The Left Hand of Darkness ) Readers look for scientific or technological elements and how they impact society. Hard sci-fi focuses on realistic scientific principles, while soft sci-fi is more speculative. Subgenres include cyberpunk, space opera, and dystopian fiction. Horror  – Fear, suspense, and the unknown. (Examples:  The Haunting of Hill House, Mexican Gothic ) Readers expect psychological tension, supernatural elements, or deeply unsettling themes. Horror can be atmospheric, psychological, or rely on monsters and supernatural threats. Subgenres include cosmic horror, body horror, and folk horror. Romance  – Love stories and emotional arcs. (Examples:  Pride and Prejudice, The Love Hypothesis ) Requires emotional depth and romantic tension. Readers expect a happy or hopeful ending—otherwise, it’s a tragedy or drama. Subgenres include historical romance, paranormal romance, and contemporary romance. Mystery & Thriller  – Crime-solving, suspense, and secrets. (Examples:  The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, Gone Girl ) Mystery requires clear setups, clues, red herrings, and a resolution. Thrillers emphasize high stakes, action, and fast pacing. Subgenres include cozy mysteries, legal thrillers, and noir fiction. Historical Fiction  – Real-world settings with historical accuracy ( The Nightingale, Pachinko ) Readers expect well-researched settings, events, and cultural depth. Often blends fiction with real historical figures or events. Subgenres include alternate history, biographical fiction, and historical fantasy. Comedy  – Humor-driven narratives. ( Good Omens, The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy ) Can range from satire to absurdist humor. Often paired with other genres (romantic comedy, fantasy comedy, etc.). Subgenres include dark comedy, slapstick, and farce. Literary Fiction  – Deep themes, character exploration, and prose-driven. ( The Goldfinch, Beloved ) Prioritizes  character development and thematic depth . Often defies traditional genre conventions. Subgenres include experimental fiction, philosophical fiction, and stream-of-consciousness narratives. Mini Exercise:  Look at your favorite book in a genre you want to write. Identify one expectation it follows and one way it subverts expectations. High vs. Low Genre Fiction: All Stories Matter Writers sometimes feel pressured to write “serious” literary fiction when they love genre fiction. The truth?  All storytelling has value. High Genre Fiction:  Often literary, experimental, or theme-driven ( The Goldfinch, Beloved ).  Low Genre Fiction: Popular fiction designed for broad appeal ( The Hunger Games, The Da Vinci Code ). Key Takeaway:  Every genre has depth and meaning. What matters is how well a story is told . Genre-Blending & Subverting Expectations Some examples of  genre-blending  include: Sci-Fi Fantasy  → ( Star Wars —a space opera with fantasy elements). Horror Comedy  → ( Shaun of the Dead —blending zombie horror with satire). Romantic Fantasy  → ( The Night Circus —a slow-burn romance in a magical setting). Mini Exercise:  Take two  opposite genres  and brainstorm a story premise that blends them. FAQ: Common Genre Myths & Concerns There are many misconceptions about genre writing that can discourage new writers or make them feel boxed in. Here are some of the most common myths and concerns—debunked. Myth #1: You Have to Stick to One Genre Forever Reality:  Many successful writers experiment with different genres. While branding yourself within a specific genre can help build an audience, it doesn’t mean you’re locked in forever. Some authors use different pen names for different genres, while others seamlessly transition between them over time. Myth #2: Literary Fiction is More Meaningful than Genre Fiction Reality:  Every genre has the potential for depth, complexity, and artistic merit. Genre fiction can explore profound themes, challenge societal norms, and offer rich, multi-layered narratives. The idea that only literary fiction is “serious” or “worthy” is outdated. Myth #3: Genre Fiction is Formulaic and Predictable Reality:  While genres have conventions and reader expectations, that doesn’t mean every story is the same. It’s up to the writer to bring fresh perspectives, unique twists, and compelling storytelling to make their work stand out. Myth #4: You Have to Be an Expert in a Genre Before Writing It Reality:  While familiarity with a genre helps, you don’t need to be an expert to start writing. Reading widely in your chosen genre can teach you the conventions, but experimentation and practice are the best ways to learn. Myth #5: Genre Writing is Easier Than Literary Writing Reality:  Writing well in any genre requires skill, creativity, and effort. Whether crafting an intricate mystery, an epic fantasy, or a gripping romance, all genres demand thoughtful storytelling, worldbuilding, and character development. Myth #6: Certain Genres Aren’t “Real” Writing Reality:  Some people dismiss genres like romance, horror, and fantasy as “lesser” forms of writing (the one about fantasy especially boils my blood). The truth is, these genres have rich histories, dedicated readerships, and incredible depth. Every genre is valid and valuable. Myth #7: You Should Write to Market Instead of Passion Reality:  Writing to market—choosing a genre solely based on its commercial success—can work, but writing something you  genuinely love  will always lead to more fulfilling storytelling. Passion often translates into better writing, which resonates with readers. Common Concerns Writers Have About Genre Concern: I don’t know what genre my story fits into. Solution:  That's okay! Many stories blend elements from multiple genres. Instead of worrying about perfect classification, focus on your  main themes and story beats . If needed, you can market your book with  two genres  (e.g., fantasy romance, sci-fi thriller). Concern: My story doesn’t follow all the “rules” of a genre. Solution:  That's also okay! Genres evolve  over time, and subverting expectations can make your story more interesting. Understanding the “rules” allows you to break them intentionally. Concern: What if my genre isn’t popular right now? Solution:  Trends shift constantly. A genre that’s less popular today may explode in popularity next year. If you love the genre, write it anyway—there will always be an audience. Concern: What if I want to write in multiple genres? Solution:  Many writers do! You can establish yourself in one genre first and then branch out, or you can create different pen names for different audiences. Writing cross-genre stories is also an option. Concern: Do I have to read every book in my genre before I write in it? Solution:  No, but  reading widely in your chosen genre helps. It gives you a sense of what’s been done, what readers enjoy, and how you can innovate within the genre. Q: Do I have to stick to just one genre? A:  Not at all! Many of today’s bestsellers blend genres. Q: What if I love multiple genres and can’t choose? A:  Try writing short stories in each genre to find what excites you most. Q: Is literary fiction superior to genre fiction? A:  No! Every genre has artistic merit. What matters is how well a story is told. Personal Reflection: My Favorite Genres & Story Types I've always been drawn to fantasy because of its limitless possibilities, but I also love weaving in mystery elements to keep readers guessing. The thrill of blending genres is where I feel most at home in storytelling. Sometimes I write stories that defy strict classification, embracing elements of fantasy, horror, and adventure all at once. The genres I love most reflect my deep curiosity about the unknown and my love for exploring human nature through imaginative storytelling. (What about you? What genres call to you the most?) Bonus Tip:  If you’re feeling stuck, try combining a random genre and story archetype. (Example: A “Voyage & Return” sci-fi mystery.) Concluding Thoughts: Embrace Experimentation Genres and story structures aren’t rules or restrictions—they’re tools . They provide a foundation, but the true magic of storytelling lies in how you shape them into something uniquely yours. Don’t be afraid to experiment.  Blend genres, break conventions, and push beyond expectations. The stories that stand out are the ones only you  can tell. Challenge: Write a short scene (300-500 words) in a genre you’ve never explored before. See what new creative doors it opens! Next Steps: Continue experimenting with different genres and archetypes to refine your storytelling voice . Pay attention to the structures and reader expectations within your chosen genre—then decide how to honor, twist, or completely subvert them. In the next lesson, we’ll explore Internal vs. External Conflict —the backbone of every great story. Carpe scripturam! —Bair✍︎ 🔜  Next Up: Lesson III – Internal vs. External Conflict Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! Find more helpful writing tips on the rest of my blog . Struggling to get your word count in? Check out my writing podcast ! Need a new notebook? Check out my hand-bound books ! Support the blog on Ko-fi ! 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Introduction: Why Your "Why" Matters Writing isn’t just about putting words on a page—it’s about  what drives you to tell stories. Your motivation shapes the types of stories you tell and helps you stay inspired even when doubt creeps in. Knowing your  why  is what separates writers who write from those who  want  to write. It keeps you going when self-doubt, perfectionism, or writer’s block try to stop you. Think of your "why" as your "creative compass"—it points you in the direction of the stories you’re meant to tell. Without it, it’s easy to lose momentum or second-guess your work. But when you’re clear on why you write, you’ll find the confidence to push forward, even when the words don’t come easily. This lesson will help you uncover your personal creative why, explore how motivations evolve, and guide you through a reflective exercise to solidify your purpose as a writer. By the end, you’ll have a deeper understanding of what fuels your storytelling and how to harness it. My Personal Story: From Doodles to Dedication I’ve always been a storyteller. Before I could even write my ABCs, I would sneak into my mother’s purse, steal her notebooks, and draw in the back pages. Eventually, I learned to just ask her for her notebooks instead of take them (then she got me notebooks of my own), but regardless, since I couldn’t write words, I would dictate the stories to her and she would write down who the characters were, what they were doing, and what was happening in their world. As I got older, my love of drawing shifted into a love of daydreaming and, eventually, writing. It was in 5th grade when a classmate’s older sister came in for show-and-tell and proudly showed off the book she had published. I thought that was the most amazing thing ever! And I was immediately inspired to do the same. I started writing my own stories just for fun, but it wasn’t until middle school that I started considering creative writing—novel writing—as a potential career. When I was 14, I had a realization:  This is what I want to do for the rest of my life.   It was during that period when life starts shifting—when you start figuring out who you are and what you want. I loved how stories and books made me feel  seen , understood , and less alone —and I wanted to do the same for others. I wanted to write stories that also made people feel seen and understood, encouraged, and that would make an impact. Even though I have a “classic adult job,” writing is still my  first love —my passion, my dedication, and the thing I will always return to.   My  why  has changed over time. When I was younger, I wrote  because it was fun!  Now, my why has deepened to:  “Because stories matter. Storytelling is innately human, and I want to make an impact on the world.”  While my original why was about making people feel comforted, seen, and understood, it has now expanded to encompass exploring different perspectives, pushing boundaries, and even challenging the status quo. Takeaway:  Your why isn’t  static . It  grows as you do.  The way you approach storytelling today may evolve in the future, just as your own experiences and perspectives evolve. How My Why Has Helped Me Through Challenges While I haven't always depended on my "why" to keep me motivated to write, for writing comes so naturally now and is so thoroughly in my veins, that somehow, somewhere, at sometime, I always come back to it. But what has always helped me keep writing is knowing that if I am interested in my story, there is going to be someone else out there who will also find it interesting. There's always going to be someone out there who will read my novel and have it be there favorite book —who am I to deprave that person of their future favorite book? Writing has the power to heal and transform, to impact and change minds and souls. It can provide an escape when reality feels too heavy—not just to readers, but for writers too. But when I do struggle, in the moments where doubt, perfectionism, and imposter syndrome begin to paralyze me, I remember: storytelling is in my bones. I write because stories have the power to do such good. My why has become my anchor, reminding me that even when writing is hard, it's always worth it. Writers Whose “Why” Inspired Me Every writer has a why—an inner drive that compels them to create. Many of the writers I admire have shared their reasons for writing, and their words have left a lasting impact on me: Toni Morrison  wrote because the stories she wanted to read didn’t yet exist. She once said,  “If there's a book that you want to read, but it hasn’t been written yet, then you must write it.”   This has stuck with me since I first heard it. It's a fantastic reminder every writer has a unique voice and perspective that deserves to be shared. Octavia Butler  wrote because she believed in the power of science fiction to challenge societal norms and imagine new futures. She once said,  “You don’t start out writing good stuff. You start out writing crap and thinking it’s good stuff, and then gradually you get better at it.”  Her words remind me that writing is a journey of growth, persistence, and self-discovery. Brandon Sanderson  writes because he fell in love with fantasy as a child and wanted to build worlds that could inspire others. His dedication to storytelling reminds me that passion and persistence can turn dreams into reality. Common Writing Motivations: What’s Yours? Not every writer has the same motivation. Some people write for artistic expression, others for storytelling mastery, and some for activism, education, or connection. Here are some common reasons people write: For Fun & Escape  – You love getting lost in stories and creating new worlds. For Self-Expression  – Writing helps you explore thoughts, emotions, and creativity. To Educate & Inspire  – You want to share knowledge, challenge perspectives, or teach lessons. To Make People Feel Seen  – You want readers to find comfort, validation, or connection in your stories. To Change the World  – You believe storytelling has the power to influence culture, politics, and perspectives. To Explore New Ideas & Philosophies  – Writing is a way for you to challenge the status quo, push boundaries, and question everything. Exercise: Which ones resonate with you?  Pick 2-3 from the list. What drives your storytelling?  If your reason isn’t listed, write it down! Write a short paragraph  about why you think storytelling is important in the world today. How does it impact people? Find Your Why: Guided Exercise Grab a notebook or open a blank document. Answer these questions honestly: Step 1: Dig Into Your Writing Roots 1. When did you first start writing (or storytelling)? 2. What made you excited about telling stories when you were younger? 3. Did you ever tell stories when you were younger? Why or why not? Step 2: Explore What Drives You Today 4. What kinds of stories move you the most (books, movies, themes)? 5. What emotions, messages, or experiences do you want to capture in your writing? 6. What do you hope readers feel or take away from your stories? Step 3: Define Your Personal Why 7. In one or two sentences, summarize your why—why do you write? 8. Has your why evolved over time? How? 9. If you could only tell one story in your lifetime, what would it be about? Example Responses:   “I write because I want people to feel less alone. I want them to see themselves in my characters and find comfort in my stories.” “I write because storytelling is a way to explore different perspectives, challenge norms, and start conversations that matter.” "I want to start writing because I believe there are ideas worth exploring and I want to expose people to new perspectives and philosophies that encourage self-actualization." Next Steps: If You’re Still Searching for Your Why If you don’t feel like you’ve found your why yet, that’s okay! Sometimes, your why reveals itself through the act of writing itself. Here are a few steps to help you uncover it: Look back at your favorite books.  What do they all have in common? What emotions or themes resonate with you? Freewrite for 10 minutes  about why you love storytelling—don’t edit, just let the words flow. Talk to a fellow writer!  Sometimes, discussing your passion out loud can bring clarity. Write a letter to your younger self about why stories matter and what you wish you had known about writing earlier. Keep writing.  Your why doesn’t have to be perfect or profound—it just has to be  yours. Share Your Why & Commit to Writing! Now that you’ve found your why, let’s make it real! Post your why  somewhere you’ll see it often (journal, vision board, desktop wallpaper). Share your why  with someone you feel like you can confide in or with a writing friend (read here about why you should have writing friends). Commit to a writing goal!  Now that you know your why, what’s your next step? Concluding Thoughts: Your Why is Your Compass Finding your why is just the beginning. It will help guide you through the highs and lows of writing, helping you stay grounded when self-doubt or creative block creeps in. Remember, writing isn’t about perfection—it’s about discovery, growth, and connection. Whether you write for yourself, for others, or for the sheer joy of storytelling, your why is what keeps the words flowing. So embrace it, nurture it, and most importantly— keep writing. Your  why  will  keep you going  when writing feels hard. It’s okay if your why evolves! Writing is a journey, and your motivation will shift as you grow. The most important thing?  Just start writing. Bonus Tip:  Write a  manifesto  for your writing journey. What are your values as a writer? What impact do you want your stories to have? Drop your why in the comments or journal about it!  Let’s build a community of writers who are passionate about writing and their stories. :) Carpe scripturam! —Bair✍︎ 🔜  Next Up: Lesson II – Exploring Genres & Story Types Want to stay up to-date on get exclusive updates and insights on future projects, book launches, writer and reader resources, FREE literature, writing freebies, and a more? Sign up for my Newsletter ! 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